Migraine prevention with a supraorbital transcutaneous stimulator: A randomized controlled trial

Targeting pericranial nerve branches to treat migraine: Current approaches and perspectives

“…The effectiveness of the portable tSNS Cefaly Õ for migraine prophylaxis has been recently evaluated in a randomized, double-blind sham-controlled trial (41). Sixty-seven episodic migraineurs were treated with daily tSNS or sham sessions of 20 minutes for three months.…”

Interfacing with the nervous system: a review of current bioelectric technologies

“…From percutaneous cranial nerve stimulation to treat chronic [35,36,75,136,142] and episodic [107,125] migraines and neuralgia, to epidural placement of leads in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) for treatment of neuropathic pain [68], and to direct sacral anterior root stimulation to enhance bowel function post-spinal injury [117], electrical stimulation of nerves or nerve roots has been demonstrated to be a safe and efficacious clinical intervention. Although long-term repercussions of implantable neurostimulators have yet to be fully elucidated, the major shortcomings of implantable devices arise from the fibrotic foreign body response that develops following implantation, particularly following implantation within the peripheral or central nervous system [10].…”

“…At present, a variety of implantable nerve stimulators have been clinically employed and demonstrated to be efficacious in alleviating numerous pathologies. Several implantable devices are already in routine use, including hypoglossal nerve stimulation in patients with severe obstructive sleep apnea [76,137]; chronic spinal cord stimulation in patients with severe neuropathic pain [153,160]; direct electrical stimulation of peripheral nerves in patients with bladder, bowel, and sexual dysfunction [30,40]; and even transcutaneous stimulation of the trigeminal nerve in migraine patients [35,36,75,107,125,136,142]. Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is arguably the most successful example of a bioelectric technology that has transitioned into the clinical realm to treat a variety of neurological disorders with an incredible degree of efficacy [59,108].…”

Migraine relief

“…A number of other neurostimulators are under investigation for migraine. 2 The idea is to activate parts of the brain with connections to the spine. Triggering pain systems that are remote from the site of migraine pain can relieve pain.…”