Migrants as Agents of Change

Grabowska, Izabela; Garapich, Michał P.; Jazwinska, Ewa; Radziwinowiczówna, Agnieszka

doi:10.1057/978-1-137-59066-4

Cited by 32 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…When we have guests, it is also convenient.'" Finally, as also established by migration scholars [77], adult children wanted to emulate their peers who occupy a certain social status. In this context, the acquisition of a villa latrine was not simply about improving sanitation, it was also about performing new kinds of "consumption practices" [32,66] and the aspiration to be "modern."…”

Section: Individual Factors: Habit Convenience and Statusmentioning

confidence: 98%

Jumping up the sanitation ladder in rural Cambodia: The role of remittances and peer-to-peer pressure in adopting high-quality latrines

Zuin,

Moung,

Juay

et al. 2024

PLOS Water

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Over the last 50 years, a combination of factors has driven sanitation improvements in rural areas of low-income and emerging economies in Asia. While open defecation remains an important challenge in many countries, Cambodia has rapidly increased rural sanitation coverage in the last 20 years. Using data collected via 92 interviews and seven focus group discussions, this qualitative study analysed the macro-level, community, and individual factors that motivated rural households to invest in high-quality latrines in seven villages in Cambodia that achieved and sustained open defecation free status with at least 85% latrine coverage. Local demand for adoption of high quality latrine was stimulated by a number of factors which include: a) NGO-led interventions that included behaviour change communication, sanitation marketing, and community-led total sanitation, all magnified by the strong support of local leaders at the village and commune levels; b) an increased proportion of rural households engaging in factory work, with access to raising wages, higher disposable incomes, and remittances; and c) subsidies and microcredit. Furthermore, migrants not only transferred financial resources to their home villages, but also transferred a set of ideas, norms, expectations, information, and behaviors back to their communities that reflect the migrants’ new ways of life, and economic possibilities. We provide evidence that new habits among factory workers, and ownership and display of new technologies and consumer commodities as symbols of modern success and social status facilitated high-quality latrine adoption. Peer-to-peer pressure at the village level, and among adult children commuting to factories or visiting their rural hometown ensured widespread adoption.

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Section: Individual Factors: Habit Convenience and Statusmentioning

confidence: 98%

Jumping up the sanitation ladder in rural Cambodia: The role of remittances and peer-to-peer pressure in adopting high-quality latrines

Zuin,

Moung,

Juay

et al. 2024

PLOS Water

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“…All this being said, return migration is also studied, of course, as an actually existing social process—from the decision to leave, to its enactment and returnees’ early adjustment, or lack thereof. In practice, return ends up in an incremental, piecemeal and potentially reversible sequence of events; one that holds an equally variable potential to affect the pre‐existing power positions, hierarchies of prestige and social values in the countries of origin (Anghel et al., 2019; Grabowska et al., 2017; Sinatti, 2015).…”

Section: Towards An Emic and Biographically Embedded View Of Return M...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Of home‐comings and home‐scales: Reframing return migration through a multiscalar understanding of home

Murcia

Boccagni

2022

Global Networks

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Is return migration a form of ‘homecoming’, as common sense would have it? While increasing research has addressed both its determinants and the underlying lived experience, still lacking is a systematic revisit of return through the prism of home studies. Based on a multiscalar approach to home and on our fieldwork into Ecuadorian migration, we explore return as a life transition between separate geographic spaces and biographical times; in essence, as an ongoing interplay between different views, forms and scales of home. What potential returnees construct as home, how different this is from the past, and on what spatial and temporal scales they (re)locate their sense of home, are all critical influences on their return orientations and practices. Overall, little generalization can be made about the shifting temporalities and spatialities of return migration. Nonetheless, reconstructing the attendant (re)locations of home affords a more nuanced and sensitive understanding of it.

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“…Finally, remittances can constitute dedicated investments , when emigrants send money to family members delegating to them a specific individual or collective task – for example, the purchase of land or property or the start‐up of a business –, aimed at the activation of upward social mobility. However, along with this economic‐material reinforcement, account should be taken of the social changes driven by remittances and by emigrants on the occasion of their periodic returns to the country of origin: introducing a greater individualization of attitudes, favouring the escape from isolation of rural and peripheral areas, fluidizing the promotion of a more cosmopolitan personality, facilitating the opportunities for advancement in the local social hierarchies of those who had experienced mobility and migration (Grabowska et al., 2017; Yeoh et al., 2013). These are what Levitt (1998) has efficaciously called ‘social remittances’.…”

Section: Family Ties Gender Roles and Moral Economies In The Circulat...mentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Implicit’ remittances in family relationships: The case of Bangladeshis in Italy and beyond

Puppa

Ambrosini

2021

Global Networks

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In this article -based on 100 in-depth interviews with divided and reunited Bangladeshi families in Italy, Bangladesh, and London -we discuss how remittances are influenced by gender relations within the family, what social meanings they assume, what family memberships they reinforce, how the intertwining between migration and family cycle affects them. By adopting an intersectional approach, we show how economic transfers are normally sent to the family of the first-migrant man, although they may assist the emigration of the wife's male relatives: a phenomenon that we call 'implicit remittances' .A second set of results concerns changes over time in remittances and two events of the family cycle are decisive: the family reunification in Italy and the demise of parents in the country of origin. In both cases, remittances are reduced, cease, or are limited to gifts in particular circumstances.

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Migrants as Agents of Change

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Jumping up the sanitation ladder in rural Cambodia: The role of remittances and peer-to-peer pressure in adopting high-quality latrines

Jumping up the sanitation ladder in rural Cambodia: The role of remittances and peer-to-peer pressure in adopting high-quality latrines

Of home‐comings and home‐scales: Reframing return migration through a multiscalar understanding of home

‘Implicit’ remittances in family relationships: The case of Bangladeshis in Italy and beyond

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