Migration and Empire

Harper, Marjory; Constantine, Stephen

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199250936.001.0001

Cited by 102 publications

(22 citation statements)

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“…Migration was the conjuncture of various other issues in one way or another, such as terrorism, transnational crimes, epidemics, environment issues, poverty, and labour. 4 In particular, the British Empire contributed to the dispersion of large number of populations by employing (un)forced migration from the metropole to its colonies and vice versa, as well as between its colonies (Ferguson 2002;Harper and Constantine 2010). In fact, nineteenth century Europe established a regime of human movement when European countries introduced the regionwide passport system (Torpey 2000).…”

Section: Migration As An International Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Shaping the ‘China Problem’ of Colonial Southeast Asia

Yamamoto¹

2014

TRaNS

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In the early 1920s Southeast Asia, before communism compelled the creation of inter-colonial intelligence networks in the late period of the decade, a situation that can be called the ‘China problem’ emerged as an issue for the colonial powers in the region. This problem refers to the political activities by local Chinese populations in response to events that were taking place in China. The colonial powers, however, could not find a common solution to this issue, but instead dealt with it individually. An explanation to this lies in the fact that, unlike in Northeast Asia where the ‘Washington System’ shaped international politics in the 1920s, in Southeast Asia no such official framework had been established to deal with regional issues. This article sets out to demonstrate that under Britain's ‘informal empire’ in Southeast Asia, the colonial powers informally started to exchange information on domestic Chinese politics in their colonies as well as the political development in China. The ‘China problem’ was thus a catalyst that brought to the region ‘international’ politics and in particular the politics of immigration control.

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Section: Migration As An International Issuementioning

confidence: 99%

Shaping the ‘China Problem’ of Colonial Southeast Asia

Yamamoto¹

2014

TRaNS

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“…39 However, such officially assisted emigration, attractive to the very poorest sections of Irish and British societies, was available only to British colonial destinations and did not, therefore, involve emigration to the United States, though this country remained the favoured destination for all classes of emigrants for most of the nineteenth century. 40 Clergy of the Church of England, with their parishes covering the whole landmass of England and Wales, could hardly help noticing the emigrant hordes, particularly if they were in port parishes. Both at home and in the colonies they became personally acquainted with the disease and insanitary conditions that were the lot of most steerage emigrants, especially on sailing ships.…”

Section: Establishment Of the Anglican Emigrant Chaplaincymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A similar Christian imperialism was evident in the late nineteenth century in the BWEA. 153 Female migration was understood by these organisations as a means of keeping the Christian identity of the empire secure by sending into its overseas territories worthy, moral, and devout women who would be the progenitors of the next generations of upright Christian colonial populations. 154 So this bridging social capital was not just a means of extending the church globally; it had become, by the period of widespread imperialism in the late nineteenth century, at least for some Anglicans in the emigration network, a means of linking British territories by an emigrant Christianity whose moral framework looked remarkably like the values of the middle class from which the Anglicans in the emigrant ministry came.…”

Section: Developing a Global Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Globalising British Christianity in the Nineteenth Century: The Imperial Anglican Emigrant Chaplaincy 1846–c. 1910

Strong¹

2014

The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History

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This article argues for the importance of religion in mass emigration from Britain in the nineteenth century. It does so by examining the origins and development of the Anglican emigrant chaplaincy developed from the 1840s to nurture the spiritual welfare of British emigrants departing for the British settler colonies over the rest of the nineteenth century. Developed over succeeding decades by the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel and the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, the chaplaincy expanded into a global network. By the 1880s it incorporated chaplains at British ports of embarkation and colonial ones of disembarkation, chaplains travelling on ships with emigrants and matrons supervising parties of single women. Although principally concerned with caring for Anglican emigrants, the chaplains regarded it as their business, as clergy of the national church, to provide ministry to a wide variety of emigrants, including Nonconformists, Germans and Jews. The article argues for the significance of the Anglican emigrant chaplaincy as an international network enabling the expansion of British Christianity and the export of social capital in the form of religious connectivity throughout the settler colonies of the British Empire.

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“…89 What is notable, then, is that the lodge and its members were part of these Orangewomen's network of family and friends and were integrated into the return migrant's process of 'homecoming as pilgrimage', highlighting the important social and emotional support function of female Orange lodges. 90 …”

Section: IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Migration and the Female Orange Order: Irish Protestant Identity, Diaspora and Empire in Scotland, 1909–40

MacPherson¹

2012

The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History

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This article examines the role of women's Orange lodges in Scotland in the migration process during the first half of the twentieth century. Historians have emphasised the importance of diasporic connections to Orangemen in England during the Victorian era, but none has addressed the extensive participation of women in the forging of Orange networks, both in Britain and Ireland and throughout the British world, during the twentieth century. This article engages with recent research on migration, diaspora and cultures of the British Empire 'at home', arguing that some female Orange lodges supported women's emigration from Scotland, both emotionally and financially, especially during the interwar period. Ceremonies held to mark the departure of migrants, letters written 'back home' by Orangewomen who had left Scotland, return journeys to visit the 'old country' and newspaper reports of their sisters abroad all had a significant effect on those women who remained in Scotland. Using Avtar Brah's concept of 'diaspora space', this article argues that the Orangewomen of Scotland developed a 'diaspora consciousness' which was shaped substantially by the Orange Order's ideological commitment to empire. Moreover, this 'diaspora consciousness' was experienced not only in the physical space of the city of Glasgow and the lodge room, but also in the imaginative space of the Belfast Weekly News, demonstrating how Orangewomen's diasporic identity was rooted in multiple 'homelands' that embraced both Scotland and Ireland, connected by an overarching Irish Protestant identity.

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Migration and Empire

Cited by 102 publications

References 0 publications

Shaping the ‘China Problem’ of Colonial Southeast Asia

Shaping the ‘China Problem’ of Colonial Southeast Asia

Globalising British Christianity in the Nineteenth Century: The Imperial Anglican Emigrant Chaplaincy 1846–c. 1910

Migration and the Female Orange Order: Irish Protestant Identity, Diaspora and Empire in Scotland, 1909–40

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