Migration and Health

Bakhtiari, Elyas

doi:10.1002/9781119633808.ch19

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…These prior studies suggest how perceived social status and economic opportunities are also potentially impactful in shaping one's lifestyle, health and well‐being. Further, Bakhtiari (2021) also noted the linkage between immigrants’ post‐migration experiences (e.g., racialized discrimination) and their post‐migration health patterns. Research on immigrant health further suggests that some non‐conventional indicators of socioeconomic status, such as self‐perceived social status and perceived economic opportunities, are important predictors of mortality among Asian immigrants (de Castro et al., 2010; Gong et al., 2012).…”

Section: Immigrant Integration and Resources For Health Eating In Canadamentioning

confidence: 99%

Considering the role of integration experiences in shaping immigrants’ post‐migration food choices and eating practices

Kwon

2023

Canadian Review of Sociology

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This article draws on data collected from qualitative interviews with 38 recent immigrants in two Ontario cities to provide an overview of recent immigrants’ general dietary acculturation experiences. With insights from both Cockerham's health lifestyle theory and Berry's acculturation model, this article explores how structural inequalities related to integration and settlement may shape recent immigrants’ post‐migration food choices and eating practices. The results of this study revealed that immigrants from non‐Western countries experienced greater challenges in healthy eating. Findings are in line with Cockerham's health lifestyle theory: immigrants’ post‐migration food choices and dietary acculturation strategies were not only bounded by socioeconomic status and cultural differences but were also shaped by various structural inequalities, especially those related to systematic barriers during the integration and settlement process. Overall, this paper provides a more holistic understanding of the multifaceted nature of immigrants’ dietary acculturation experiences.

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Section: Immigrant Integration and Resources For Health Eating In Canadamentioning

confidence: 99%

Considering the role of integration experiences in shaping immigrants’ post‐migration food choices and eating practices

Kwon

2023

Canadian Review of Sociology

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“…An immi grant health and mor tal ity advan tage has been a recur rent find ing in demo graphic and pop u la tion health research and has been documented among migrants from all regions of the world (Riosmena et al 2017), in numer ous des ti na tion con texts (Anson 2004;Boulogne et al 2012;Guendelman et al 1999;Kennedy et al 2006;Malmusi et al 2010), and even among inter nal migrants within a coun try (Chen 2011;LeónPérez 2019;Lu 2008). This pat tern has been dubbed a "par a dox" in part because the mor tal ity pat terns of immi grant pop u la tions often do not cor re spond to their social posi tion in a coun try's ethnoracial hier ar chy (Bakhtiari 2021;Markides and Rote 2015). Immigrants often live lon ger despite hav ing other risk fac tors for early mor tal ity, such as rel a tively low socio eco nomic sta tus and expe ri ences of dis crim i na tion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Missing Mortality Advantage for European Immigrants to the United States in the Early Twentieth Century

Bakhtiari

2023

Preprint

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Immigrant populations typically have lower mortality rates and longer life expectancies than their nonimmigrant counterparts. This immigrant mortality advantage has been a recurrent finding in demographic and population health research focused on contemporary waves of immigration. However, historical data suggest that European immigrants to the United States in the early twentieth century had worse health and higher rates of mortality, yet it remains unclear why a mortality advantage was absent for immigrants during this period. This article combines Vital Statistics records and Lee–Carter mortality models to analyze mortality by nativity status for the U.S. White population from 1900 to 1960, examining variation by age, sex, time, and place. Contrary to contemporary expectations of a foreign-born mortality advantage, White immigrants had higher mortality rates in the early 1900s, with the largest foreign-born disadvantage among the youngest and oldest populations. Although foreign-born and U.S.-born White mortality rates trended toward convergence over time, the foreign-born mortality penalty remained into the 1950s. A decomposition analysis finds that immigrants' concentration in cities, which had higher rates of infectious disease mortality, accounted for nearly half of the nativity difference in 1900, and this place effect declined in subsequent decades. Additional evidence, such as a spike in mortality inequalities during the 1918 influenza pandemic, suggests that common explanations for the immigrant mortality advantage may be less influential in a context of high risk from infectious disease.

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The Immigrant Mortality Advantage Among Over-65 Middle Eastern and North African Immigrants to the United States

Bakhtiari,

Das

2024

J Immigrant Minority Health

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Immigrants to the United States often have longer life expectancies than their U.S.-born counterparts, however it is unclear whether a similar “immigrant advantage” exists for immigrants from the Middle East and North Africa (MENA). This study uses a novel machine-learning name classifier to offer one of the first national-level examinations of MENA mortality patterns by nativity in the United States. A recurrent neural network model was developed to identify MENA individuals based on given name and surname characteristics. The model was trained on more than 2.5 million mortality-linked social security records in the Berkeley Unified Numident Mortality Database (BUNMD). Mortality rates and life expectancy were estimated using a Gompertz distribution and maximum likelihood estimation, focusing on high-coverage years between 1988 and 2005 and deaths over age 65. Foreign-born MENA men over 65 showed a significant immigrant mortality advantage with a hazard ratio (HR) of 0.64 and an estimated 3.13 additional years of life expectancy at age 65 compared to U.S.-born counterparts. Foreign-born MENA women also exhibited an advantage, with a HR of 0.71 and an additional 2.24 years of life expectancy at age 65. This study is one of the first national-level analyses of mortality outcomes among the over-65 MENA population in the United States, finding a MENA immigrant mortality advantage. The results suggest further research is needed to identify and disaggregate the MENA population in health research.

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Migration and Health

Cited by 4 publications

References 109 publications

Considering the role of integration experiences in shaping immigrants’ post‐migration food choices and eating practices

Considering the role of integration experiences in shaping immigrants’ post‐migration food choices and eating practices

The Missing Mortality Advantage for European Immigrants to the United States in the Early Twentieth Century

The Immigrant Mortality Advantage Among Over-65 Middle Eastern and North African Immigrants to the United States

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