Migration and parasitism: habitat use, not migration distance, influences helminth species richness in Charadriiform birds

Gutiérrez, Jorge S.; Rakhimberdiev, Eldar; Piersma, Theunis; Thieltges, David W.

doi:10.1111/jbi.12956

Cited by 36 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…We focused on basic ecological factors and characterized the studied species according to: (i) migration and latitudinal distribution (hereafter called latitudinal dispersion: temperate resident, temperate partial or short‐distance migrant, temperate long‐distance migrant and tropical resident species) and (ii) diet (predominantly plant, animal or mixed diet). These traits represent intersection between those characteristics to which data are presently available for all the analysed species (including the tropical species) and the traits that were shown in earlier studies to exhibit associations with parasite abundance or prevalence (Gutiérrez et al., ; Hannon et al., ; Leung & Koprivnikar, ; Santoro et al., ; Waldenström et al., ). The categories of each characteristic were mapped onto the dendrogram of electrostatic potentials using a colour code to compare TLR4 phenotypic clustering with the ecological variable distribution.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Signatures of diversifying selection and convergence acting on passerine Toll‐like receptor 4 in an evolutionary context

et al. 2018

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Positive selection acting on Toll-like receptors (TLRs) has been recently investigated to reveal evolutionary mechanisms of host-pathogen molecular co-adaptation. Much of this research, however, has focused mainly on the identification of sites predicted to be under positive selection, bringing little insight into the functional differences and similarities among species and a limited understanding of convergent evolution in the innate immune molecules. In this study, we provide evidence of phenotypic variability in the avian TLR4 ligand-binding region (LBR), the direct interface between host and pathogen molecular structures. We show that 55 passerine species vary substantially in the distribution of electrostatic potential on the surface of the receptor, and based on these distinct patterns, we identified four species clusters. Seven of the 34 evolutionarily nonconservative and positively selected residues correspond topologically to sites previously identified as being important for lipopolysaccharide, lipid IVa or MD-2 binding. Five of these positions codetermine the identity of the charge clusters. Groups of species that host-related communities of pathogens were predicted to cluster based on their TLR4 LBR charge. Despite some evidence for convergence among taxa, there were no clear associations between the TLR4 LBR charge distribution and any of the general ecological characteristics compared (migration, latitudinal distribution and diet). Closely related species, however, mostly belonged to the same surface charge cluster indicating that phylogenetic constraints are key determinants shaping TLR4 adaptive evolution. Our results suggest that host innate immune evolution is consistent with Fahrenholz's rule on the cospeciation of hosts and their parasites.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Signatures of diversifying selection and convergence acting on passerine Toll‐like receptor 4 in an evolutionary context

et al. 2018

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“…Here, we focused on the parasite fauna of host species across their entire range, so we included range polygons regardless of their seasonality (“resident”, “breeding season”, “non‐breeding season” and “passage”; Figure ). We also estimated species’ migration distances as the distance (km) between their breeding and non‐breeding range centroids (Gutiérrez, Rakhimberdiev, Piersma, & Thieltges, ). We acknowledge that differences among populations of a given species occur with respect to the presence or absence of migratory activity and in the amount or type of activity (e.g., total distance covered).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micro‐ and macroparasite species richness in birds: The role of host life history and ecology

Gutiérrez

Piersma

Thieltges

2019

Journal of Animal Ecology

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Identifying the factors shaping variation in parasite diversity among host species is crucial to understand wildlife diseases. Although micro‐ and macroparasites may exert different selective pressures on their hosts, studies investigating the determinants of parasite species richness in animals have rarely considered this divide. Here, we investigated the role of host life history and ecology in explaining the species richness of helminths (macroparasites) and haemosporidians (microparasites) in birds world‐wide. We collated data from multiple global datasets on diverse bird traits (longevity, body mass, coloniality, migration distance/tendency, geographic range size and dietary and habitat breadths) and the species richness of their helminth and haemosporidian parasites. We tested predictors of helminth and haemosporidian parasite richness using phylogenetic generalized linear mixed models in a Bayesian framework. We found that, after controlling for research effort and host phylogeny, the richness of helminths, but not of haemosporidians, increased with host longevity, range size, migration distance and dietary breadth. Overall, these correlates were also important across different helminth groups (acanthocephalans, cestodes, nematodes and trematodes), and two additional ones (body mass, coloniality) emerged as important for cestodes and acanthocephalans. We propose that long life spans may promote the diversity of helminth parasite assemblages over evolutionary time, thus resulting in richer helminth faunas. Similarly, longer‐distance migrations, larger ranges and broader dietary breadths are likely to lead to greater encounter rates and the accumulation of trophically transmitted helminths. In contrast, vector‐borne haemosporidians may be influenced more by factors related to vector ecology than by the host traits included in the analyses. The lack of strong associations between haemosporidian species richness and host characteristics emphasizes the need to find appropriate traits to model the distribution and diversity of parasites with different environmental preferences in order to anticipate disease emergence risks associated with global change.

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“…To do so, we fitted Bayesian mixed models in the package MCMCglmm in R. To account for the uncertainty in phylogenetic relationships, we first randomly sampled 100 trees from the downloaded 9,999 phylogenetic trees. As MCMCglmm handles only one phylogenetic tree per model, we further incorporated the subset in 100 MCMCglmm models within the package mulTree (Guillerme & Healy, ; Gutiérrez, Rakhimberdiev, Piersma, & Thieltges, ). Technical information on the model parameters used and the replicable code are provided in Appendix S6 (see also Karagicheva et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Annual chronotypes functionally link life histories and life cycles in birds

et al. 2018

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Life‐history responses to ecological selection pressures can be described by a slow–fast life‐history axis. Along this axis, fast‐living animals usually invest in high breeding output, whereas slow‐living ones prioritize their own survival. Birds may solve the trade‐off between reproduction and survival by optimizing their seasonal schedules. Breeding early tends to facilitate reproductive success, whereas breeding late increases the chances to survive. On the basis of this argument, short‐ and long‐lived birds should benefit from initiating spring activities earlier and later, respectively. The timing of seasonal activities, all else being equal, depends on the architecture of endogenous circannual clocks. Particularly, the length of the circannual period relative to the 365‐day environmental year either facilitates the anticipation of seasonal activities (in case of periods shorter than 365 days) or represents a responsive mode (when periods are longer than 365 days). The two alternatives will be manifested by early or late annual chronotypes, respectively. We hypothesize that in birds, annual chronotype will correspond with position on the “pace‐of‐life scale.” Species with low survival probability, and thus a poor chance of breeding in a next season, should show early annual chronotypes facilitated by circannual‐clock periods shorter than 365 days. In contrast, species with high survival rates should benefit from relatively long circannual periods. We predicted that circannual‐period lengths should correlate positively with species‐specific adult annual survival rates. Using published data for 16 wild bird species, we confirmed the predicted correlation. In our analysis, we accounted for the possible metabolic nature of circannual clocks, a correlation between rate of metabolism and survival, and phylogenetic relationships. On the basis of our finding, we propose that evolutionary responsive circannual clocks help birds cope with temporal variation in the environment in ways that are most appropriate for their life‐history and life‐table attributes. A http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1365-2435.13181/suppinfo is available for this article.

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Migration and parasitism: habitat use, not migration distance, influences helminth species richness in Charadriiform birds

Cited by 36 publications

References 56 publications

Signatures of diversifying selection and convergence acting on passerine Toll‐like receptor 4 in an evolutionary context

Signatures of diversifying selection and convergence acting on passerine Toll‐like receptor 4 in an evolutionary context

Micro‐ and macroparasite species richness in birds: The role of host life history and ecology

Annual chronotypes functionally link life histories and life cycles in birds

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