Migration and Urbanization

Parida, Jajati Keshari; Raman, Ravi

doi:10.4135/9789353287788.n32

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…The interstate (rural–urban) migration is also crucial for the sustaining the structural transformation process and economic development in India. Because people from relatively back states like Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh and North-East migrate to other states like Kerala, Punjab, Haryana, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka etc., either in search of employment opportunities or for better sources of earning (Parida and Raman 2020 ; Parida 2019 ). This internal labour flow not only brings equilibrium in the labour market (to fill the labour demand–supply gaps) by increasing labour productivity (through reduction in under employment and unemployment), but it also contributes to poverty reduction, increased domestic savings, and improved demand for goods and services, and hence helps speed-up the process of urbanisation.…”

Section: On Harnessing Demographic Dividendmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Demographic Dividend Before it is Lost Forever in India

Parida

Madheswaran

2023

Ind. J. Labour Econ.

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Based on the secondary data taken from Population Census, and the Employment-Unemployment Surveys and Periodic Labour Force Survey of the National Sample Survey, it is found that Indian economy is passing through a critical phase of economic development in which it is likely to lose its demographic advantage. Because, in India while about 4.5 million people were leaving agriculture every year prior to the Covid-19 pandemic years, the non-farm sectors job was not growing adequately to accommodate the persons leaving agriculture, and the newly educated non-farm job seekers. As a result there was an upsurge in educated youth unemployment (18% and about 24 million) rate, and hence the discouraged youth labour force. On the other hand, an increase in the share (from 8.0 to 10.2%) and growth (3.0–5.1%) of elderly population put a question on the process of harnessing demographic dividend in India. Based on these findings it is argued that an integrated approach of development is necessary to boost the labour force participation of youth and overall population to boost the growth of per capita national state domestic product (NSDP) in Indian states. This could be achieved through the promotion of micro and small enterprises along with infrastructure development along with a systematic emigration and remittances policy.

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Section: On Harnessing Demographic Dividendmentioning

confidence: 99%

Harnessing Demographic Dividend Before it is Lost Forever in India

Parida

Madheswaran

2023

Ind. J. Labour Econ.

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“…The migration of young and educated Keralites to Indian cities such as Bangalore, Chennai, Delhi, and Mumbai, as well as to several countries around the world, has brought wealth back into Kerala. It has also contributed to the emergence of significant gaps in Kerala's labour market, particularly in relation to low-wage manual work that is usually done on a temporary basis (Parida and Raman, 2021).…”

Section: Non-resident Keralites and The Kerala Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is estimated that 'the informal sector' accounts for more than 90 per cent of wage employment in India (MoF, 2019). People from poorer (per capita) populous states, such as Bihar, Jharkhand, Odisha, Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal, are overrepresented in these labour markets (Parida and Raman, 2021).…”

Section: 'Guest Workers' and The Kerala Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One female migrant said she has had enough with the locals; she has been threatened, abused, and she will not come to Kerala again. 9 This is important to note because while estimates vary, it is thought that roughly onehalf of domestic migrant workers in Kerala are women (KILE, 2020;Parida and Raman, 2021). As above, though, situations vary and a relational understanding is helpful to contextualise these stories and throw them into relief by highlighting alternative situations in which people might find themselves if they had not migrated to Kerala.…”

Section: Most Of the Women Migrants Do Not Have Aadhaar Cards I Won't...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigating the conditions of vulnerability experienced by migrant workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Kerala, India

McGowran,

Mathews,

Johns

et al. 2023

Disasters

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This article analyses research findings from the PROWELLMIGRANTS project which qualitatively investigated the impact of COVID‐19 upon migrants’ wellbeing and mental health in Kerala, India. It draws from a novel conceptual framework that combines assemblage‐thinking with theories of social contracts in disasters. The article first explores how past development processes and contemporary migration policies in Kerala, and India more widely, generated conditions of vulnerability for migrant workers in Kerala prior to the pandemic. We then show that Government of Kerala interventions, in some cases supported by the central Government of India, temporarily addressed these vulnerabilities during the pandemic period. These efforts should be applauded. However, in acknowledging the helpful response of the Government of Kerala we problematise their stance on migrant workers during ‘normal’ times and speculate that permanently addressing these conditions of vulnerability would be a more logical approach. We acknowledge this involves overcoming many barriers which have their roots beyond the jurisdiction of the Government of Kerala. Thus, our paper also contains national‐level policy implications for India.

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“…Among Indian states, Kerala ranks at the top in international remittance receipts (Parida, 2019; Parida & Raman, 2018, 2019; Raman, 2012). The massive inflow of remittances, for about five decades, not only substantially reduced the incidence of poverty through increased per capita income, but also helped to improve education and health outcomes in the state (Chakraborty, 2005; Kannan, 2005).…”

Section: Contextmentioning

confidence: 99%

Remittances, Investment and New Emigration Trends in Kerala

Sunny

Parida

Azurudeen

2020

Review of Development and Change

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This article reports a study of the interlinkages among remittance receipts, household-level investment and the changing emigration patterns in Kerala, using seven rounds of the Kerala Migration Survey conducted between 1998 and 2018. The major findings suggest that remittances improved households’ per capita income and changed their spending patterns. Households receiving remittance, on average, spare a relatively larger share of monthly income on the consumption of non-food durable goods. Moreover, receipts of remittance also enable the households to save, to invest more on assets, land and buildings, and to form human capital (through increased share of spending on education and health). Households which devote a large share of spending on education and health also report a relatively high share of skilled emigration to either Global North or Oceania regions, instead of the traditional low-skilled Gulf emigration. Hence, policies that help boost these new emigration trends are likely to sustain the growth of remittance inflows and the process of overall socio-economic development in Kerala.

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Migration and Urbanization

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Harnessing Demographic Dividend Before it is Lost Forever in India

Harnessing Demographic Dividend Before it is Lost Forever in India

Investigating the conditions of vulnerability experienced by migrant workers during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Kerala, India

Remittances, Investment and New Emigration Trends in Kerala

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