Migration, innovation and technological diversion: German patenting after the collapse of the Soviet Union

Ferrucci, Edoardo

doi:10.1016/j.respol.2020.104057

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This approach has proved to be useful and has been adopted extensively in the economics literature (e.g. Ferrucci, 2020;Akcigit et al, 2016;Ghani et al, 2014;Gaule and Piacentini, 2013). But there are some important challenges related to such name-matching techniques (see Karaulova et al 2019or Breschi et al 2017 for an overview).…”

Section: Classification Of Inventors' Ethnic Originsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their proposed approach does not rely on a commercial database, but they focus exclusively on Russian origin. Ferrucci (2020) and Breschi et al (2017) use similar name matching approaches as Kerr (2008) that are also based on commercial databases. 4 While Ferrucci (2020) focuses specifically on Soviet inventors and investigates their contribution to German patenting after the Cold War, Breschi et al (2017) study patent collaborations between domestic and foreign origin inventors in the USA.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Ferrucci (2020) and Breschi et al (2017) use similar name matching approaches as Kerr (2008) that are also based on commercial databases. 4 While Ferrucci (2020) focuses specifically on Soviet inventors and investigates their contribution to German patenting after the Cold War, Breschi et al (2017) study patent collaborations between domestic and foreign origin inventors in the USA. Lastly, my paper is also broadly related to several studies that focus more generally on ethnic origin classification but do not have a particular focus on inventors.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Ferrucci (2020) uses "Forebears" andBreschi et al (2017) the "IBM Global Name Recognition" database. 5 For example,Ye et al (2017) construct so-called "name embeddings" and classify names to a hierarchical set of 39 ethnic groups,Treeratpituk and Giles (2012) assign names to 12 origins using multinomial logistic regressions andAmbekar et al (2009) choose hidden markov models and decision trees to map names to 13 ethnic groups.…”

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confidence: 99%

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'Moving On' -- Investigating Inventors' Ethnic Origins Using Supervised Learning

Niggli¹

2022

Preprint

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Patent data provides rich information about technical inventions, but does not disclose the ethnic origin of inventors. In this paper, I use supervised learning techniques to infer this information. To do so, I construct a dataset of 95 202 labeled names and train an artificial recurrent neural network with long-short-term memory (LSTM) to predict ethnic origins based on names. The trained network achieves an overall performance of 91% across 17 ethnic origins.I use this model to classify and investigate the ethnic origins of 2.68 million inventors and provide novel descriptive evidence regarding their ethnic origin composition over time and across countries and technological fields. The global ethnic origin composition has become more diverse over the last decades, which was mostly due to a relative increase of Asian origin inventors. Furthermore, the prevalence of foreign-origin inventors is especially high in the USA, but has also increased in other high-income economies. This increase was mainly driven by an inflow of non-western inventors into emerging high-technology fields for the USA, but not for other high-income countries.

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Section: Classification Of Inventors' Ethnic Originsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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'Moving On' -- Investigating Inventors' Ethnic Origins Using Supervised Learning

Niggli¹

2022

Preprint

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“…Studying the influence of Soviet immigrant inventors on Germany technological innovation, Ferrucci (2020), finds that the collaboration between the native inventors and migrant Soviet scientists increases the patent production and the technology diversion.…”

Section: Effects Of Migration On Destination Countriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of educated migrants and R&D expenditures on innovation

Sinoi

2021

Management &Amp; Marketing. Challenges for the Knowledge Society

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Migration has become a topic of great interest of the 21st century, as it triggers multiple advantages and downsides, both for the people and communities implicated, depending on the policies in place. International migration should not be perceived as an issue that needs to be solved, but rather a global phenomenon that can reduce poverty and foster inclusive growth and sustainable development, both in origin and destination countries. The most highly-skilled immigrants represent a key factor in enhancing innovation and technological change processes, which are essential aspects of social and economic development. The purpose of the study is to analyse the impact of highly educated immigrants (with tertiary-educated immigrant employees and foreign PhD students) together with R&D investments on innovative activity (proxied by the number of patents applications), in the case of the ten countries which joined the EU in 2004. The evaluated time frame is from 2011 to 2017. For the econometric analysis of the panel data, we developed fixed-effects linear regression models, at the country-level. The indicators computed are relevant to the innovative activity. The econometric estimations highlight a positive correlation between educated migrants and the number of patent applications in all ten countries. This nexus is even strengthened when we take into consideration other relevant impact factors, such as investments in R&D and human capital. Therefore, the more efforts and investments are devoted to R&D and highly educated individuals, the more predictable the innovation is.

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Gender diversity and patent quality: Evidence from Chinese patent data

Zhang

Zong

2023

International Studies of Economics

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Based on the patent data from China National Intellectual Property Administration, we attempt to examine the effect of gender diversity in inventor teams on patent quality. We argue that gender diversity in inventor teams can promote patent quality, especially the invention patents that are high quality and radically innovative. Moreover, we find that the positive effect will be enhanced in places where women are well educated and improved by reducing gender discrimination. We propose that the effect will be more significant when market competition or market uncertainty is high as well as when the enterprises are private and growing. Ultimately, our study advocates that governments and enterprises should pay more attention to female labor forces, especially in the area of science and innovation, which is beneficial to improve innovation in China and eliminate gender inequality in the labor market.

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Migration, innovation and technological diversion: German patenting after the collapse of the Soviet Union

Cited by 18 publications

References 56 publications

'Moving On' -- Investigating Inventors' Ethnic Origins Using Supervised Learning

'Moving On' -- Investigating Inventors' Ethnic Origins Using Supervised Learning

The impact of educated migrants and R&D expenditures on innovation

Gender diversity and patent quality: Evidence from Chinese patent data

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