Migration motives and integration of international human resources of health in the United Kingdom: systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies using framework analysis

Davda, Latha S; Gallagher, Jennifer E.; Radford, David R.

doi:10.1186/s12960-018-0293-9

Cited by 58 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…22 Instead of analyzing country of origin as a single indicator or each country characteristic separately, we analyzed a group of potentially explanatory contextual variables previously identified by the United Nations Development Programme (2104). 24 The UNDP report adopts a human development perspective arguing that wellbeing of populations within countries is affected by individual abilities and sociopolitical contexts. A better understanding of how population vulnerability and resilience to overcome associated challenges, from a multidimensional human development perspective, provided deeper analyses of the key factors and policies that explain why some individuals, communities or countries are more resilient to adverse events and respond better to them.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How Official Language and Country of Origin Impacts Health Workforce Integration in Canada

Lum

2020

MRAJ

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Skilled immigrants are actively recruited by developed countries in Europe and North America to address health force labour shortages. Although recruitment and selection processes are subject to strict regulations in Canada, internationally educated nurses continue to experience major difficulties with foreign credential recognition and obtaining employment. This study explores the different ways in which English or French, the official language requirements, intersects with immigrants' ethnocultural background and integration. Key factors such as the timing of migration, age and professional English language competency, and pre-migration experiences were found to have a combined impact on employment success. Nurses with high levels of language proficiency acquired during the pre-immigration period and enhanced following migration had higher levels of economic integration. This study illustrated that current immigration policies would benefit from a closer examination of the match between pre-migration experiences and the required professional skills of the host country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Human and social capital variables included resettlement, migration adaptation and adult learning attitudes using the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP 2014) human development classification system of different countries. 24…”

Section: Data Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

How Official Language and Country of Origin Impacts Health Workforce Integration in Canada

Lum

2020

MRAJ

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“…Also, age and gender may also exert an influence. For example, internationally educated female health professionals appear to struggle more so than men [15, 33]. Individual characteristics influence routes (cf.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Less research exists on the process between an educational intervention and/or recertification and employment, although available findings indicate that MPs struggle to find employment [8, 15]. One barrier to entering the labour market for migrants is discrimination [8, 16–20], especially for those from non-western countries [17–20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Migrant physicians’ entrance and advancement in the Swedish medical labour market: a cross-sectional study

et al. 2019

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Background Worldwide, physicians are migrating to new countries and want to practise their profession. However, they may experience difficulties doing so. To optimise and accelerate their entrance into and advancement within the Swedish healthcare system, there is an urgent need to explore how they are currently doing so, as their competences should be put to use without any unnecessary delay. The aim of the study was to explore how migrant physicians with a medical degree from outside EU/EEA enter and advance within the medical labour market in Sweden and to identify perceived barriers and facilitating aspects in the process. The empirical findings are discussed in light of Bourdieu’s concept symbolic capital as adapted in the Swedish medical field. Methods A cross-sectional study with a self-administrated questionnaire was disseminated. A sample of 498 migrant physicians were identified. Descriptive statistical analysis and qualitative thematic analysis were used to analyse the data. Results The response rate was 57% (n = 283). Respondents mainly found their first positions via spontaneous job applications, during internships, while participating in an educational intervention or via personal contacts. Perceived barriers to entering and advancing within the medical field in Sweden were mainly related to having a medical degree from and/or originating from another country, which could in turn represent discrimination and/or having one’s competence undervalued as a result. Facilitating aspects included having or developing contacts in Swedish healthcare and gaining proficiency or fluency in the Swedish language. Conclusions When MPs find their first positions, the contacts they have developed appear to play a role, and when advancing in their positions, the active development of a variety of contacts seems to be beneficial. MPs experience a variety of barriers to entering and advancing within the field that could be related to discrimination. Many MPs perceived having their competences undervalued due to their origin or to being educated abroad. Based on the respondents’ experiences, our interpretation is that MPs as a group are hierarchically positioned lower in the Swedish medical field than physicians trained in the country. Facilitating aspects included educational interventions, having contacts and developing language skills. For optimal entry into the labour market, it is vitally important for MPs to learn the new language and obtain a job or internship in the field as soon as possible.

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“…Factors pushing health workers to migrate include poor wages, limited opportunities for professional development, heavy workloads, economic instability, poorly funded health care systems, the burdens and risks of HIV/AIDS and safety concerns (Labonte, Packer, and Klassen, 2006;Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), 2001;Robinson and Carey, 2000;Thompson et al, 2017;WHO, 2006). Pull factors include better and more comfortable living and working conditions, higher wages and greater opportunities for advancement and promotion (Aiken et al, 2004;Buchan, 2002;Davda et al, 2018;WHO, 2006).…”

Section: Gender and Health Worker Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hiding in Plain Sight: The Absence of Consideration of the Gendered Dimensions in ‘Source’ Country Perspectives of Health Worker Migration

Bourgeault

Runnels

Atanackovic

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Gender roles and relations affect both the drivers and experiences of health worker migration, yet policy responses rarely consider these gender dimensions. This lack of explicit attention from source country perspectives can lead to inadequate policy responses. Methods: A Canadian-led research team with co-investigators in the Philippines, South Africa, and India examined the causes, consequences and policy responses to the international migration of health workers from these ‘source’ countries through documentary, interview and survey data with workers and country-based stakeholders. Here we undertake an explicit gender-based analysis highlighting the gender-related influences and implications that emerged from the published literature and policy documents from the decade 2005 to 2015; in-depth interviews with 117 stakeholders; and surveys conducted with 3,580 health workers. Results: The literature on health worker migration from South Africa, India and the Philippines reveal that gender can mediate access and participation in health worker training, employment, and migration. Our analysis of survey data from nurses, physicians and other health workers in South Africa, India and the Philippines and interviews with policy stakeholders, however, reveals a curious absence of how gender might mediate health worker migration. Stakeholders in South Africa described female health workers as “preferred” for “innate” personal characteristics and cultural reasons, and in India that men are directed away from nursing roles particularly because they are considered only for women. That inadequate remuneration was identified as a key migration driver amongst survey respondents in India and the Philippines, where nurses predominated in our sample, may be linked to the impact of underlying gender-based pay inequity. The literature suggests that migration may improve social status of women nurses, but it may also expose them to deskilling, as a result of intersecting racism and sexism in their destination country. Regardless of these underlying influences in migration decision-making, gender is rarely considered either as an important contextual influence or analytic category in the policy responses.Conclusion: An explicit gender-based analysis on health worker migration could offer useful insights for health and social policy responses and emphasize the importance of equity considerations to their decisions in these countries.

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Migration motives and integration of international human resources of health in the United Kingdom: systematic review and meta-synthesis of qualitative studies using framework analysis

Cited by 58 publications

References 44 publications

How Official Language and Country of Origin Impacts Health Workforce Integration in Canada

How Official Language and Country of Origin Impacts Health Workforce Integration in Canada

Migrant physicians’ entrance and advancement in the Swedish medical labour market: a cross-sectional study

Hiding in Plain Sight: The Absence of Consideration of the Gendered Dimensions in ‘Source’ Country Perspectives of Health Worker Migration

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