Migration of neutrophils targeting amyloid plaques in Alzheimer's disease mouse model

Abstract

Immune responses in the brain are thought to play a role in disorders of the central nervous system, but an understanding of the process underlying how immune cells get into the brain and their fate there remains unclear. In this study, we used a 2-photon microscopy to reveal that neutrophils infiltrate brain and migrate toward amyloid plaques in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease. These findings suggest a new molecular process underlying the pathophysiology of Alzheimer’s disease.

Genome-wide association study identifies four novel loci associated with Alzheimer’s endophenotypes and disease modifiers

“…SERPINB1 is expressed in the human brain, primarily in microglia and macrophages [84]. Recent research of transgenic mouse models for AD (5×FAD and 3×Tg-AD) reported that neutrophils were present in the brain near Aβ deposits, and researchers observed neutrophil migration from blood into the brain toward amyloid plaques [4, 83]. They discovered that Aβ 42 triggered the high-affinity state of integrin LFA-1, which is necessary for neutrophil infiltration of the CNS [83].…”

Blood cells and endothelial barrier function

“…75 A role for neutrophils in these conditions is largely based on 2 observations: 1) neutrophils are recruited into the diseased/injured tissue, and 2) interfering with the neutrophil accumulation minimizes or prevents the endothelial barrier dysfunction. 76,77 Activated neutrophils release an impressive mixture of chemicals that can impair endothelial barrier function, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), proteolytic enzymes, and cytokines ( Fig.…”

Sialic acid (SA)-modified selenium nanoparticles coated with a high blood–brain barrier permeability peptide-B6 peptide for potential use in Alzheimer’s disease

“…Peptides were prepared as the literatures [23][24][25][26]. Briefly, the powdered Aβ was first dissolved in 4 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propanol (HFIP) to a concentration of 1mg/mL.…”