Migratory behaviour of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua: natal homing is the prime stock-separating mechanism

Svedäng, Henrik; Righton, David; Jönsson, Patrik

doi:10.3354/meps07140

Cited by 144 publications

(129 citation statements)

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“…However, it is somewhat surprising that there was not a more marked seasonality, given that the timing of cod spawning is thought to occur mainly over a few months in early spring (Cushing & Dickson 1976). One possibility is that the movements we recorded might not only be associated with migration to spawning grounds before the spawning season in January and February but might also reflect repositioning onto new feeding grounds once spawning is over (Turner et al 2002, Wright et al 2006, Svedäng et al 2007). Similar spatial dynamics are shown in plaice (Hunter et al 2004a), and are typical of migratory fish species that aggregate on spatially restricted spawning grounds before dispersal to widespread feeding grounds (e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is great concern over the decline in stock sizes for the cod Gadus morhua, particularly in the North Sea and the Grand Banks in the last 20 yr (Myers et al 1997, Christensen et al 2003, Horwood et al 2006. While the understanding of cod movements is increasing (Turner et al 2002, Robichaud & Rose 2004, Neat et al 2006, Svedäng et al 2007, the development of a mechanistic understanding of these movements may allow the availability of cod fishing potential at different spatial and temporal scales (O'Brien et al 2000). Similarly, information on cod depth utilisation (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Link between vertical and horizontal movement patterns of cod in the North Sea

Hobson

Righton²,

Metcalfe³

et al. 2009

Aquat. Biol.

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We used a geolocation method based on tidal amplitude and water depth to assess the horizontal movements of 14 cod Gadus morhua equipped with time-depth recorders (TDR) in the North Sea and English Channel. Tracks ranged from 40 to 468 d and showed horizontal movements of up to 455 km and periods of continuous localised residence of up to 360 d. Cod spent time both in midwater (43% of total time) and near the seabed (57% of total time). A variety of common vertical movement patterns were seen within periods of both residence and directed horizontal movement. Hence particular patterns of vertical movement could not unequivocally define periods of migration or localised residence. After long horizontal movements, cod tended to adopt resident behaviour for several months and then return to broadly the same location where they were tagged, indicating a geospatial instinct. The results suggest that residence and homing behaviour are important features of Atlantic cod behaviour.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Link between vertical and horizontal movement patterns of cod in the North Sea

Hobson

Righton²,

Metcalfe³

et al. 2009

Aquat. Biol.

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“…However, only a minor fraction (13%) of the total recaptures were made by researchers, and evidence from other studies suggests that fishing rates by commercial and recreational fishermen were likely to be relatively high elsewhere along the Norwegian Skagerrak coast, as well as offshore in the Skagerrak, Kattegat, and N orth Sea. Previous tagging studies in the eastern Skagerrak and Kattegat have reported recapture and reporting rates by commercial fishers ranging from 20 to 66% depending on region and year (Robichaud & Rose 2004, Svedäng et al 2007). There is no reason to believe that reporting rates for the current study should have been lower.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Habitat effects on population connectivity in a coastal seascape

Rogers¹,

Olsen²,

Knutsen³

et al. 2014

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Knowing how population connectivity varies across heterogeneous habitats can provide insight into the mechanisms underlying population structuring, and ultimately help to inform conservation and management actions. We studied whether the spatial extent of connectivity in coastal Atlantic cod Gadus morhua varied with coastal topography, hypothesizing that connectivity during all life stages would be greater among open, exposed habitats compared to sheltered, fjord-like habitats. We tested this hypothesis using (1) an extensive mark-recapture data set to analyze movements of age 1+ cod along a gradient from inshore (sheltered) to offshore (exposed) habitats, and (2) an analysis of demographic dependence (recruitment synchrony) among exposed versus sheltered areas using a 93 yr spatially explicit time series of juvenile (age-0) abundance. We found that habitat did have a significant effect on both the scale of recruitment synchrony and movement distances, both of which were greater in exposed regions relative to sheltered. However, even in open habitats, tagged cod were highly sedentary, and connectivity among regions due to movement of age 1+ individuals was exceptionally low. Thus, despite likely differences among habitats in dispersal of egg and larval stages, older cod were highly site-attached regardless of habitat. These results highlight how physical habitat interacts with behavior to determine the scale of population structuring in marine fishes.

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“…Mar Ecol Prog Ser 410: [177][178][179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194][195] 2010 the importance of processes that limit dispersal and promote self-replenishment of local populations, such as sedentary adult life history strategies (Robichaud & Rose 2004, Howell et al 2008, spawning site fidelity (Taggart 1997), natal homing (Thorrold et al 2001, Svedäng et al 2007), egg and larval retention (Jones et al 1999, 2005, Bradbury et al 2008) and local adaptation (McIntyre & Hutchings 2003, Conover et al 2006, Hutchings et al 2007). The implications of such fine-scale population structure are important for effective management (Palumbi 2003, Bradbury et al 2008, Reiss et al 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Fine-scale spatial and temporal genetic structure of Atlantic cod off the Atlantic coast of the USA

Kovach¹,

Breton²,

Berlinsky³

et al. 2010

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Atlantic cod Gadus morhua in US waters are currently managed as 2 stocks: (1) a Gulf of Maine stock and (2) a Georges Bank and south stock. This designation is decades old and warrants re-evaluation in light of concerns that fisheries management units may not reflect biologically meaningful population units. In this study, we used 10 microsatellite loci, the PanI locus, and 5 single nucleotide polymorphism markers to characterize the population genetic structure of cod in US waters. We found significant differentiation among temporally and spatially divergent populations of cod (global F ST = 0.0044), primarily stemming from 2 potentially non-neutral loci, and evidence for a population structure that strongly contradicts the current 2-stock management model. This genetic structure was stable over a 5 yr period. Our results indicate that cod in US waters are broadly structured into 3 groups: (1) a northern spring-spawning coastal complex in the Gulf of Maine (GOM), (2) a southern complex consisting of winter-spawning inshore GOM, offshore GOM and sites south of Cape Cod, Massachusetts, and (3) a Georges Bank population. The strongest differentiation occurs between populations in the northern and southern complex (mean F ST = 0.0085), some of which spawn in the same bays in different seasons. By means of mixture analysis, young-of-the-year fish sampled on juvenile nurseries were assigned to the spawning complex of their origin. Our findings contribute to a growing body of knowledge that Atlantic cod and other marine fish populations are structured on a finer scale than previously thought and that this structure supports biocomplexity and locally adapted populations. As such, it may be warranted to re-evaluate current management units and tailor management plans toward this finer scale.KEY WORDS: Atlantic cod · Microsatellite DNA · Single nucleotide polymorphism · Population genetic structure · Stock identification · Gadus morhua Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherMar Ecol Prog Ser 410: [177][178][179][180][181][182][183][184][185][186][187][188][189][190][191][192][193][194][195] 2010 the importance of processes that limit dispersal and promote self-replenishment of local populations, such as sedentary adult life history strategies (Robichaud & Rose 2004, Howell et al. 2008, spawning site fidelity (Taggart 1997), natal homing (Thorrold et al. 2001, Svedäng et al. 2007), egg and larval retention (Jones et al. 1999, 2005, Bradbury et al. 2008) and local adaptation (McIntyre & Hutchings 2003, Conover et al. 2006, Hutchings et al. 2007). The implications of such fine-scale population structure are important for effective management (Palumbi 2003, Bradbury et al. 2008, Reiss et al. 2009).One marine fish species known to exhibit fine-scale population structure in parts of its distribution is Atlantic cod Gadus morhua L. (see reviews in Waldman 2005 andCarvalho 2008). Atlantic cod is one of the most commercially important marine fishes in the world and comprises a p...

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Migratory behaviour of Atlantic cod Gadus morhua: natal homing is the prime stock-separating mechanism

Abstract: KEY WORDS: Cod · Data storage tag · DST · Light geolocation · Natal homing Resale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisherCod Gadus morhua migrations can be assessed with archival tags, which store measurements of temperature, pressure (depth) and light.

Cited by 144 publications

References 28 publications

Link between vertical and horizontal movement patterns of cod in the North Sea

Link between vertical and horizontal movement patterns of cod in the North Sea

Habitat effects on population connectivity in a coastal seascape

Fine-scale spatial and temporal genetic structure of Atlantic cod off the Atlantic coast of the USA

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