Migratory birds, ticks, and<i>Bartonella</i>

Molin, Ylva; Lindeborg, Mats; Nyström, Fredrik; Madder, Maxime; Hjelm, Eva; Olsén, Björn; Jaenson, Thomas G. T.; Ehrenborg, Christian

doi:10.3402/iee.v1i0.5997

Cited by 13 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Selection of migratory bird species for inclusion in the risk assessment Most migrant bird species infested with Hyalomma ticks on arriving in Europe were ground-feeding species including warblers, shrikes and chats which frequent dry habitats suitable for Hyalomma ticks (Kaiser et al 1974;Martyn 1988;Molin et al 2011). For this preliminary assessment, it was agreed that there are too many migratory bird species in Europe for all to be included.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…*The average proportion is applied to all birds in this model. Data from Molin et al (2011). *No Common quail were trapped by Molin et al (2011).…”

Section: Monthly Variation In Arrival Times Of Migrants Over the 3 Momentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Common quail is abundant through much of southern and central Europe. Immature Hyalomma ticks have been found on Tree pipits, Willow warblers and Northern wheatears in spring in Egypt, Cyprus, Italy and Greece (Hoogstraal et al 1964;Kaiser et al 1974;Molin et al 2011) and on Northern wheatear in Norway (Hasle et al 2009) and Great Britain (Martyn 1988).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is well established that the immature tick stages (and not the adult) of H. marginatum infest birds (and small mammals), while adults feed on larger mammals such as livestock and wild boar (Sus scrofa) (Hoogstraal 1972;Hillyard 1996;Molin et al 2011). This is an important consideration for developing a risk assessment (Gale et al 2010) because if migratory birds introduce immature ticks but only the adults feed on livestock, then a prerequisite for infection of livestock is that those immature ticks moult into adults before taking their next blood meal on a livestock animal.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As that horse was not imported, Nijhof et al (2007) speculated that the tick was introduced as a nymph by a migratory bird from Africa. Hyalomma marginatum rufipes is endemic in many regions of Africa and has been recorded on migratory birds in spring in Europe (Molin et al 2011).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Impact of climate change on risk of incursion of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in livestock in Europe through migratory birds

Gale¹,

Stephenson²,

Brouwer³

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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To predict the risk of incursion of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) in livestock in Europe introduced through immature Hyalomma marginatum ticks on migratory birds under current conditions and in the decade 2075-2084 under a climate-change scenario. A spatial risk map of Europe comprising 14 282 grid cells (25 × 25 km) was constructed using three data sources: (i) ranges and abundances of four species of bird which migrate from sub-Saharan Africa to Europe each spring, namely Willow warbler (Phylloscopus trochilus), Northern wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe), Tree pipit (Anthus trivialis) and Common quail (Coturnix coturnix); (ii) UK Met Office HadRM3 spring temperatures for prediction of moulting success of immature H. marginatum ticks and (iii) livestock densities. On average, the number of grid cells in Europe predicted to have at least one CCHFV incursion in livestock in spring was 1·04 per year for the decade 2005-2014 and 1·03 per year for the decade 2075-2084. In general with the assumed climate-change scenario, the risk increased in northern Europe but decreased in central and southern Europe, although there is considerable local variation in the trends. The absolute risk of incursion of CCHFV in livestock through ticks introduced by four abundant species of migratory bird (totalling 120 million individual birds) is very low. Climate change has opposing effects, increasing the success of the moult of the nymphal ticks into adults but decreasing the projected abundance of birds by 34% in this model. For Europe, climate change is not predicted to increase the overall risk of incursion of CCHFV in livestock through infected ticks introduced by these four migratory bird species

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…*The average proportion is applied to all birds in this model. Data from Molin et al (2011). *No Common quail were trapped by Molin et al (2011).…”

Section: Monthly Variation In Arrival Times Of Migrants Over the 3 Momentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of climate change on risk of incursion of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in livestock in Europe through migratory birds

Gale¹,

Stephenson²,

Brouwer³

et al. 2011

Journal of Applied Microbiology

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Tick‐transmitted Viruses and Climate Change

Estrada-Peña

Hubálek

Rudolf

2013

Viral Infections and Global Change

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Tick infestation in birds and prevalence of pathogens in ticks collected from different places in Germany

et al. 2016

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The importance of ticks and tick-borne pathogens for human and animal health has been increasing over the past decades. For their transportation and dissemination, birds may play a more important role than wingless hosts. In this study, tick infestation of birds in Germany was examined. Eight hundred ninety-two captured birds were infested with ticks and belonged to 48 different species, of which blackbirds (Turdus merula) and song thrushes (Turdus philomelos) were most strongly infested. Ground feeders were more strongly infested than non-ground feeders, sedentary birds more strongly than migratory birds, and short-distance migratory birds more strongly than long-distance migratory birds. Mean tick infestation per bird ranged between 2 (long-distance migratory bird) and 4.7 (sedentary bird), in some single cases up to 55 ticks per bird were found. With the exception of three nymphs of Haemaphysalis spp., all ticks belonged to Ixodes spp., the most frequently detected tick species was Ixodes ricinus. Birds were mostly infested by nymphs (65.1 %), followed by larvae (32.96 %). Additionally, ticks collected from birds were examined for several pathogens: Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and Sindbisvirus with real-time RT-PCR, Flaviviruses, Simbuviruses and Lyssaviruses with broad-range standard RT-PCR-assays, and Borrelia spp. with a Pan-Borrelia real-time PCR. Interestingly, no viral pathogens could be detected, but Borrelia spp. positive ticks were collected from 76 birds. Borrelia (B.) garinii, B. valaisiaina, B. burgdorferi s.s. and B. afzelii were determined. The screening of ticks and birds for viral pathogens with broad range PCR-assays was tested and the use as an “early warning system” is discussed.

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Migratory birds, ticks, andBartonella

Cited by 13 publications

References 20 publications

Impact of climate change on risk of incursion of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in livestock in Europe through migratory birds

Impact of climate change on risk of incursion of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in livestock in Europe through migratory birds

Tick‐transmitted Viruses and Climate Change

Tick infestation in birds and prevalence of pathogens in ticks collected from different places in Germany

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