Migratory Songbirds Disperse Ticks Across Canada, and First Isolation of the Lyme Disease Spirochete, Borrelia Burgdorferi, From the Avian Tick, Ixodes Auritulus

Morshed, Muhammad; Scott, John D.; Fernando, Keerthi; Béati, Lorenza; Mazerolle, Daniel F.; Geddes, G.; Durden, Lance A.

doi:10.1645/ge-3437.1

Cited by 127 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…In addition to mammals, resident and migratory songbirds disperse bird-feeding ticks in the area, especially during northward spring migration [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Not only do multiple host species support and maintain Lyme disease vector ticks, Neotropical and southern-temperate songbirds annually transport bird-feeding ticks (i.e., Ixodes affinis, Ixodes minor) into central Canada during spring migration from as far south as Brazil [10,11,15].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ixodes muris sometimes parasitizes cats and dogs, and has also been recorded from humans in New York, Pennsylvania and Rhode Island [46]. Ixodes muris immatures also parasitize rats [36], and all hostfeeding life stages feed on ground-frequenting birds [8][9][10]12,15,36]. In essence, I. muris plays a supportive role in the enzootic maintenance of Lyme disease spirochetes in the Kenora area.…”

Section: Ixodes Murismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Songbirds (Passeriformes) can transport B. burgdorferi s.l.-infected I. scapularis larvae and nymphs to and from this bioregion during bi-directional migration in spring and fall [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Peak northward songbird migration in Canada occurs during May and early June, which coincides with peak questing periods of I. scapularis nymphs [47].…”

Section: Ixodes Scapularismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Each year, these migrants can drop them in the Kenora bioregion during northward spring migration [8][9][10]12,15]. Moreover, all host-feeding life stages of I. dentatus collected from eastern cottontail in New York yielded B. burgdorferi s.l.…”

Section: Other Tick Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lyme Disease Bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato, Detected in Multiple Tick Species at Kenora, Ontario, Canada

Scott¹,

Clark²,

Anderson³

et al. 2017

J Bacteriol Parasitol

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We detected the Lyme disease bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.), in 8 species of ixodid ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) collected from mammalian hosts, including humans, at Kenora, Ontario, Canada. These 8 tick species include Ixodes angustus, Ixodes banksi, Ixodes cookei (groundhog tick), Ixodes gregsoni, Ixodes muris (mouse tick), Ixodes scapularis (blacklegged tick), Haemaphysalis leporispalustris (rabbit tick), and Dermacentor albipictus (winter tick). Based on PCR amplification, 39 (41%) of 94 ticks tested were positive for B. burgdorferi s.l. DNA sequencing of the flagellin B (flaB) gene of B. burgdorferi s.l. complex revealed the presence of B. burgdorferi sensu stricto (s.s.), which is pathogenic to humans, and causes diverse neurological manifestations in patients. Notably, we provide the first record of B. burgdorferi s.l. in I. gregsoni, and reveal a new distribution record for this tick in eastern and central Canada by extending the known range westward by 200 km. Our findings indicate that there may be a wide-ranging enzootic transmission cycle of B. burgdorferi s.l. within the ecosystem throughout the Kenora area. The health-care profession must be fully cognisant that Lyme disease is present in the Kenora area, and is a public health risk.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ixodes Murismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Ixodes Scapularismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Other Tick Speciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lyme Disease Bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato, Detected in Multiple Tick Species at Kenora, Ontario, Canada

Scott¹,

Clark²,

Anderson³

et al. 2017

J Bacteriol Parasitol

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“…Migratory birds in particular have received much attention as they can transport potentially infected ticks across large areas and may account for the origin of some new foci of diseases (ANDERSON et al, 1986;OLSEN et al, 1995a;KLICH et al, 1996;SMITH et al, 1996;RAND et al, 1998;KINSEY et al, 2000;SCOTT et al, 2001SCOTT et al, , 2010SCOTT et al, , 2012JONGEJAN et al, 2004;MORSHED et al, 2005;DUBSKA et al, 2009;ELFVING et al, 2010;HILDEBRANDT et al, 2010;KJELLAND et al, 2010;HASLE et al, 2011;HASLE, 2013;MOVILA et al, 2011;GELLER et al, 2013;CAPLIGINA et al, 2014), even introducing them to different continents (OLSEN et al, 1995b;MUKHERJEE et al, 2014;. Although the role of birds as hosts and disseminators of ticks has received much attention over the past several years, there is a lack of studies in South America, including Brazil.…”

Section: Outside Of Brazil Mainly In Europe and Northmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) as ectoparasites of Brazilian wild birds and their association with rickettsial diseases

Ogrzewalska

Pintér²

2016

Braz. J. Vet. Res. Anim. Sci.

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Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) are obligatory hematophagous ectoparasites of a variety of vertebrate hosts and play an important role in the transmission and ecology of infectious pathogens causing diseases in humans and animals worldwide. Sixty-eight species of ticks exist in Brazil, and at least 23 are found parasitizing wild birds. This number is increasing with the advent of new studies highlighting the underestimated role of birds in the life cycle of these arthropods. In South America, many of these ticks are involved in epidemiology of the life-threatening spotted fever diseases caused by bacteria from the genus Rickettsia (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae). The aim of this paper is to present up-to-date knowledge about the bird-tick fauna of Brazil and their association with rickettsioses. The available literature concerning ticks on birds and tick-borne diseases related to these ticks in Brazil has been revised. It could be concluded that birds play a primary role in life cycles of various tick species, especially during immature stages (larvae and nymphs). The best known is a bird-tick fauna from the Atlantic Forest and from Brazilian savannah called Cerrado in southern and central Brazil, respectively. On the other hand, the knowledge about bird tick parasitism from other Brazilian biomes such as the Amazon, Caatinga, Pantanal and Pampas regions is very scarce and requires further study. Moreover, no studies about the role of birds as mobile hosts for spreading ticks to new areas exist, nor has their role in the natural life cycle of Rickettsia been thoroughly examined.Keywords: Ticks. Ectoparasites. Rickettsia. Disease. Birds. Brazil. ResumoOs carrapatos (Acari: Ixodoidea) são ectoparasitas obrigatórias de uma variedade de hospedeiros vertebrados e têm um papel importante na ecologia e transmissão de diversos patógenos causadores de doenças em humanos e animais no mundo todo. No Brasil existem 68 espécies de carrapatos e pelo menos 23 espécies são encontradas parasitando aves silvestres. Esse número tem crescido com o advento de novos estudos ressaltando o papel das aves nos ciclos de vida desses artrópodes. Na América do Sul alguns desses carrapatos estão envolvidos na epidemiologia de doenças graves para o ser humano, como a febre maculosa, causada por bactérias do gênero Rickettsia (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae). O alvo desse artigo é apresentar o estado atual de conhecimento sobre a fauna de carrapatos encontrados em aves no Brasil e as associações estabelecidas com as riquetsioses. A literatura disponível sobre carrapatos em aves e ocorrência de riquétsias foi revisada e pôde ser concluído que aves têm um papel importante nos ciclos de vida de várias espécies de carrapatos, sendo especialmente importantes para os estágios imaturos (larvas e ninfas). A maior parte do conhecimento sabrecai na fauna de carrapatos de aves dos biomas Mata Atlântica e Cerrado no sudeste e centro-oeste do Brasil. Já o conhecimento sobre o parasitismo por carrapatos em aves dos outros biomas: Amazônia, Caatinga, Pantanal...

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Ruffed grouse do not exhibit high potential for reservoir competency of common tick‐borne pathogens

Munn

Lindsay

Dibernardo

et al. 2022

Wildlife Society Bulletin

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Ruffed grouse (Bonasa umbellus) are ground‐dwelling forest birds found throughout New Brunswick, and likely act as an alternative host for blacklegged ticks (Ixodes scapularis), which are vectors for Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. Other Galliformes are parasitized by Ixodes spp. and some are competent reservoirs of tick‐borne pathogens. Thus, we sought to identify ruffed grouse as an alternative host of blacklegged ticks by testing for active and previous infections of tick‐borne pathogens. We tested 215 ruffed grouse hearts for active infection of B. burgdorferi and tested 20 blood samples for antibodies associated with previous B. burgdorferi infections. We failed to detect active, or evidence of previous, B. burgdorferi infections in either sample type. We suggest that our results were limited by the methods of pathogen testing and thus, alternative methods should be investigated.

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Migratory Songbirds Disperse Ticks Across Canada, and First Isolation of the Lyme Disease Spirochete, Borrelia Burgdorferi, From the Avian Tick, Ixodes Auritulus

Cited by 127 publications

References 48 publications

Lyme Disease Bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato, Detected in Multiple Tick Species at Kenora, Ontario, Canada

Lyme Disease Bacterium, Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato, Detected in Multiple Tick Species at Kenora, Ontario, Canada

Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) as ectoparasites of Brazilian wild birds and their association with rickettsial diseases

Ruffed grouse do not exhibit high potential for reservoir competency of common tick‐borne pathogens

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