Mild obesity does not affect the forearm muscle microvascular responses to hyperglycemia

Soares, Rogério N.; Reimer, Raylene A.; Doyle‐Baker, Patricia K.; Murias, Juan M.

doi:10.1111/micc.12669

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

(111 reference statements)

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“…The early phase of the StO 2 downslope during transient ischemia has routinely been used as an index of changes in tissue saturation (Horiuchi and Okita 2020 ; Soares et al 2021 ). We used this measurement to present a sex difference, such that the males desaturated ~ 40% faster than the females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During each VOT, the rate of desaturation (downslope) was assessed (Fig. 1) and was calculated across 120 s (30-150 s) during the 5 min of ischemia (Soares et al 2019(Soares et al , 2021Horiuchi and Okita 2020). To ensure similar baseline StO 2 values for the males and females, the resting StO 2 was quantified as the average of the last 30 s of rest immediately prior to the cuff inflation.…”

Section: Vascular Occlusion Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has garnered, significant interest pertaining to its ability to provide both static and dynamic quantifications of microvascular function including measurements of oxygen (O 2 ) kinetics during vascular occlusion tests (VOT) (Townsend et al 2019 ; Nelson 2020 ; Rosenberry and Nelson 2020 ; Horiuchi and Okita 2020 ; Soares et al 2021 ). For example, during a VOT, Townsend et al, ( 2019 ) utilized the rate of decline in skeletal muscle tissue oxygenation (StO 2 , %) as an index of aerobic metabolism.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Men exhibit faster skeletal muscle tissue desaturation than women before and after a fatiguing handgrip

Keller

Kennedy

2021

Eur J Appl Physiol

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Purpose The purpose was to test the hypothesis that sex and fatigue effect of the early phase of skeletal muscle tissue oxygenation (StO 2 , %) desaturation rate as well as that strength matched adults may exhibit similar responses. Methods Twenty-four adults visited the laboratory twice to quantify this early phase of desaturation during vascular occlusion tests (VOT) while in a rested state. The second visit included a sustained handgrip task at 25% of maximal muscular strength until task failure. At failure, a post-task VOT was initiated. Muscle desaturation was defined as StO 2 and collected by a near-infrared spectroscopy device. The muscle size and adipose thickness were determined via ultrasonography. Linear regression was used to quantify the rates of desaturation during the VOTs as well as during the fatiguing handgrip. Results There were sex differences in the rate of desaturation pre- and post-handgrip, such that independent of fatigue, the men ( p < 0.001) desaturated more rapidly than the women (pre: b = − 0.208 vs. − 0.123%∙s −1 ; post: − 0.079 vs. − 0.070%∙s −1 ). During the fatiguing handgrip, the transformed StO 2 values indicated that the males desaturated more rapidly than the females ( b = − 0.070 vs. − 0.015). The matched pairs exhibited the same responses as the total sample. Conclusion Overall, muscle size and strength as well as adipose tissue were likely not the primary cause of the differences in rates of muscle desaturation. We hypothesized that differences in fiber type and mitochondria were the principle mechanisms provoking the differences in muscle oxygenation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vascular Occlusion Testmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Men exhibit faster skeletal muscle tissue desaturation than women before and after a fatiguing handgrip

Keller

Kennedy

2021

Eur J Appl Physiol

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“…The results of this study also support this interpretation. Likewise, in their investigations employing NIRS coupled with VOT, Soares et al did not find a significant difference in the minimum StO 2 levels and occlusion slope between the obese and lean groups [ 20 , 21 ]. In our previous research conducted on healthy adult patients, general anesthesia decreased metabolic demand and improved the occlusion slope across all age groups [ 6 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Impaired Capillary Recruitment Capacity in Obesity: A Subgroup Analysis of Prospective Observational Study on Anesthesia Effects

Jeon,

Lee,

et al. 2023

Med Sci Monit

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Background This subgroup analysis of prospective observational research, involving 71 participants, compared the effects of anesthesia on microvascular reactivity in obese vs lean individuals using near-infrared spectroscopy and vascular occlusion tests. The correlation between the body mass index (BMI) and microvascular reactivity under general anesthesia was also investigated. Material/Methods This study enrolled adult patients classified as American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II, undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia. The microcirculatory variables measured before (Tpre) and 30 min following the induction of anesthesia (Tpost) were as follows: baseline tissue oxygen saturation (StO 2 ), occlusion slope (∇occl), and recovery slope (∇recov). The patients were grouped according to their BMI (lean [BMI <25 kg/m 2 ] vs obese [BMI ≥25 kg/m 2 ]). Data are presented as medians and interquartile ranges. Results There were 43 patients in the lean group and 28 in the obese group. At Tpre, baseline StO 2 , ∇occl, and ∇recov were not different between the 2 groups ( P =0.860, 0.659, and 0.518, respectively). At Tpost, the baseline StO 2 and ∇occl were not different between the 2 groups ( P =0.343 and 0.791); however, the ∇recov was lower in the obese group than in the lean group (3.245 [2.737, 3.977] vs 4.131 [3.491, 4.843], P =0.003). At Tpost, BMI showed a moderate correlation with ∇recov (correlation coefficient: −0.319, P =0.007). Conclusions In obese patients, capillary recruitment capacity during general anesthesia is compromised compared to lean patients.

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“…However, the forearm (around flexor digitorum profundus) has a relatively lower subcutaneous fat than other sites [ 72 ]. In addition, since NIRS-derived measures in forearm muscles were not affected in obese individuals with higher BMI (32.9 ± 1.9 kg/m 2 ) than our participants [ 73 ], the influence of adipose tissue thickness on NIRS signal in our study can be neglected. Third, we did not measure serum Hb levels, which may affect NIRS-derived measures.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

L-Citrulline Supplementation Improves Arterial Blood Flow and Muscle Oxygenation during Handgrip Exercise in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women

Kang,

Dillon,

Martinez

et al. 2024

Nutrients

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Endothelial dysfunction decreases exercise limb blood flow (BF) and muscle oxygenation. Acute L-Citrulline supplementation (CIT) improves muscle tissue oxygen saturation index (TSI) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) during exercise. Although CIT improves endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation [FMD]) in hypertensive women, the impact of CIT on exercise BF and muscle oxygenation (TSI) and extraction (HHb) are unknown. We examined the effects of CIT (10 g/day) and a placebo for 4 weeks on blood pressure (BP), arterial vasodilation (FMD, BF, and vascular conductance [VC]), and forearm muscle oxygenation (TSI and HHb) at rest and during exercise in 22 hypertensive postmenopausal women. Compared to the placebo, CIT significantly (p < 0.05) increased FMD (Δ−0.7 ± 0.6% vs. Δ1.6 ± 0.7%) and reduced aortic systolic BP (Δ3 ± 5 vs. Δ−4 ± 6 mmHg) at rest and improved exercise BF (Δ17 ± 12 vs. Δ48 ± 16 mL/min), VC (Δ−21 ± 9 vs. Δ41 ± 14 mL/mmHg/min), TSI (Δ−0.84 ± 0.58% vs. Δ1.61 ± 0.46%), and HHb (Δ1.03 ± 0.69 vs. Δ−2.76 ± 0.77 μM). Exercise BF and VC were positively correlated with improved FMD and TSI during exercise (all p < 0.05). CIT improved exercise artery vasodilation and muscle oxygenation via increased endothelial function in hypertensive postmenopausal women.

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Mild obesity does not affect the forearm muscle microvascular responses to hyperglycemia

Cited by 5 publications

References 52 publications

Men exhibit faster skeletal muscle tissue desaturation than women before and after a fatiguing handgrip

Men exhibit faster skeletal muscle tissue desaturation than women before and after a fatiguing handgrip

Impaired Capillary Recruitment Capacity in Obesity: A Subgroup Analysis of Prospective Observational Study on Anesthesia Effects

L-Citrulline Supplementation Improves Arterial Blood Flow and Muscle Oxygenation during Handgrip Exercise in Hypertensive Postmenopausal Women

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