“…These, in particular, include immediate early genes c‐fos and zif268 (NGFI‐A) , genes of peptide antioxidants, neurotrophins, and anti‐apoptotic gene superfamily bcl‐2 . We have previously shown that in mild hypoxia preconditioned rats, in contrast to non‐preconditioned ones, the modifications of immediate early gene activity followed by increased expression of NGFI‐A and c‐ Fos proteins, enhancement of cytosolic and mitochondrial antioxidant expression (Trx‐1, Cu, Zn‐SOD, Trx‐2, Mn‐SOD), up‐regulation of levels of anti‐apoptotic proteins Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐xL and down‐regulation of pro‐apoptotic protein Bax levels in the neocortex and hippocampus in response to severe hypoxia (Rybnikova et al. 2002, 2005a,b, 2006; Stroev et al.…”