Militant motherhood: Labor's Mary Harris “mother” Jones

The Intersection Between Deep Moral Frames and Rhetorical Style in the Struggle over U.S. Immigration Reform

“…The feminine style appears to comport well with the substance of the nurturant parent frame. Indeed, much of the accumulated scholarship on the feminine style has highlighted this style's nurturing and empathetic qualities (Campbell, 1998;Dow & Tonn, 1993;Hayden, 2003;Jamieson, 1995;Tonn, 1996). For example, Dow and Tonn argued that the feminine style aptly conveys the ''feminine ideals of care, nurturance, and family relationships' ' (p. 289).…”

“…, political movements (Hayden, 2003;Peeples & DeLuca, 2006;Tonn, 1996), Congressional policymaking (Blankenship & Robson, 1995), political debates (Banwart & McKinney, 2005;Johnson, 2005), convention speeches (DeRosa & Bystrom, 1999), and presidential campaign films (Parry-Giles & Parry-Giles, 1996. Understanding how political communication operates in American democracy demands an appreciation of how gender and style play out in our political process.…”

Beyond Rights and Virtues as Foundation for Women's Agency: Emma Goldman's Rhetoric of Free Love

“…Women's ''natural'' capacity for nurturance and spirituality would benefit the nation, should women be granted authority as public actors. Underscoring women's virtue through the persona of mother enabled some women (the predominantly White, middle-class, Northeastern suffragists, in particular) to transgress cultural norms for femininity and public life (Hogan & Hogan, 2003;Tonn, 1996).…”

Negotiating femininity and power in the early twentieth century west: Domestic ideology and feminine style in Jeannette Rankin's suffrage rhetoric

“…The usefulness of Campbell's model also is attested to by the frequency with which it has been applied. Feminine style has been used to explain not only the rhetoric of early woman's rights advocates, but also the rhetorical choices of women from the early twentieth century to the present day (e.g., Blankenship & Robson, 1995;Campbell, 1998;Dow & Tonn, 1993;Hayden, 1997;Mattina, 1994;Tonn, 1996;Zurakowski, 1994 In a discussion of contemporary women's rhetoric, Dow and Tonn (1993) suggest that the ubiquity of female speakers' appeals to feminine style can be explained through reference to the relative consistency of feminine norms over time. They maintain that "while the historical conditions of women have changed in many ways, their primary social roles have not" (p. 287) and Dow and Tonn see feminine style arising from the social roles that women enact.…”