Military Service Tribunals: Civil Society in Action, 1916–1918

Gregory, Adrian

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199260201.003.0010

Cited by 3 publications

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“…In May 1916 mandatory military service was extended to married men of the same age range. The purpose of military service tribunals was to hear appeals against conscription (Gregory, 2003). Those seeking exemption from military service would first apply to their local military tribunal, of which there were 1,800 in Great Britain.…”

Section: Sources and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of the 1.2 million men deemed to have enlisted under the 1916 Act, 750,000 applied for exemption (McDermott, 2011: 24). It has been estimated that military service tribunals heard at least 1.25 million cases from 1916 to 1918, the years of conscription (Gregory, 2003).…”

Section: Sources and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Employers had the right to make an application for such exemption on behalf of an employee (McDermott, 2011: 21). Indeed, it was crucial that employers supported the case (Gregory, 2003). In relation to the focal professional group, the partners of accountancy firms were obliged to present arguments for the retention of their apprentices, clerks, and qualified staff of military age.…”

Section: Military Service Tribunals Were Established Under the Militamentioning

confidence: 99%

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War and organizational disruption in professional service firms

Walker

2018

Journal of Professions and Organization

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Section: Sources and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Sources and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Military Service Tribunals Were Established Under the Militamentioning

confidence: 99%

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War and organizational disruption in professional service firms

Walker

2018

Journal of Professions and Organization

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“…113 Even before this, the Military Service Tribunals set up to hear individual appeals against conscription frequently took personal circumstances into account in their deliberations, much as the Liberal conscriptionists had urged. 114 At its boldest, the Liberal case for conscription portrayed military service as just one plank in a broader programme of progressive wartime state collectivism. Many Liberals who came to support conscription during the war -and particularly those who emerged from the left of the pre-1914 party -were also prominent advocates of a wartime ' conscription of wealth '.…”

Section: Imentioning

confidence: 99%

The Liberal War Committee and the Liberal Advocacy of Conscription in Britain, 1914–1916

Johnson¹

2008

Hist. J.

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The advent of conscription in Britain in 1916 was greeted with profound dismay by many in the Liberal party. At Westminster, however, a significant minority of Liberal MPs, who were members of the Liberal War Committee (LWC), were amongst the most enthusiastic advocates of compulsory service, from a surprisingly early stage in the war. It has usually been assumed that those Liberals who embraced conscription were effectively abandoning their progressive principles, and moving to another, more reactionary, political allegiance. This article argues that this was not the case. The Liberal advocates of conscription represented a range of political opinions, but all insisted that they remained Liberals, and many went to considerable lengths to reconcile their support for universal military service with their continued adherence to the Liberal creed. This article reassesses the phenomenon of Liberal support for compulsory service, examining the arguments, activities, and personnel of the LWC. It sheds new light on the vitality of Liberal principles in wartime, demonstrating that Liberal doctrine was often far more flexible than scholars have realized.

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Conclusion and Epilogue: Militarism and the Left by 1914, the Great War, and the Coming of Conscription

Johnson¹

2013

Militarism and the British Left, 1902–1914

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On 4 August 1914 Great Britain declared war on the German Reich. The formal casus belli was the German violation of Belgian neutrality, although the government's decision for war was ultimately determined by calculations about the need to preserve a European 'balance of power' (believed to be essential to the safety of Britain and her empire) against what the Foreign Office saw as a German attempt to achieve military and political hegemony in Europe. 1 Whatever the diplomatic and military considerations that had led to its outbreak many Britons, and particularly many on the political left, came to regard the war as a profound ideological struggle. It was seen, in the words of the radical MP Richard Lambert, as 'a fight for Liberty against Bureaucracy, for British ideals and for Liberalism in its widest sense against Prussian Militarism and Tyranny'. 2 As this book has shown, however, militarism was never simply a 'Prussian' phenomenon. By 1914 it had taken root within British politics and society too, albeit in a rather different form from that which supposedly characterized the German Empire. British militarism was in many ways a remarkably ambiguous-even a paradoxical-phenomenon. 'Militaristic' values were undoubtedly present in Edwardian British culture, although popular attitudes towards war and towards the professional soldiery were complex and contested. The prewar British army was small and politically subordinate to the civilian authorities, although military officers were certainly not excluded from positions of political power and influence-particularly in the wider reaches of the empire-and soldiers serving outside mainland Britain often appeared to enjoy considerable freedom of action which the civilian authorities at Westminster could not always easily constrain. Wider British society was not militarized by any bureaucratic system of universal military

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Military Service Tribunals: Civil Society in Action, 1916–1918

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

War and organizational disruption in professional service firms

War and organizational disruption in professional service firms

The Liberal War Committee and the Liberal Advocacy of Conscription in Britain, 1914–1916

Conclusion and Epilogue: Militarism and the Left by 1914, the Great War, and the Coming of Conscription

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