Military spending and growth: a small open economy stochastic growth model

Lee, Shin-Chyang; Lee, Cheng‐Te; Wu, Shang-Fen

doi:10.1080/10242694.2015.1094881

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…107 Thus, financial liberalization enhances the spin-off effect of military expenditures to allow knowledge and technological spillovers in a society. 144 Our evidence is consistent with the study of Ullah, Andlib 41 that militarization improves economic growth and decreases environmental pollution in Pakistan and India which are more financially open and developed compared to other countries in the region. Over the period, terrorism within the region has stagnated the economic growth and trade openness.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Greening South Asia with Financial Liberalization, Human Capital, and Militarization: Evidence from the CS-ARDL Approach

Yahya

Razzaq

2022

Energy & Environment

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Green growth is recognized as an adequate mechanism to decelerate environmental turmoil. However, empirical evidence on what determines sustainable economic growth is still underexplored. Apprehending the importance of financial liberalization, human capital, and militarization in the South Asian region, we investigate their short- and long-run effects on green growth using data from 1990 to 2017. To address the cross-sectional dependency (CD) and heterogeneity issue, second-generation cointegration estimation techniques are employed. The findings show a stable and long-run relationship between financial liberalization, human capital, military expenditures, and green growth. The results of CS-ARDL also show the positive long-run effect of financial liberalization and human capital while the negative effect of militarization on green growth. Nonetheless, the interaction effects show the darker side of human capital and the brighter side of militarization in the presence of more financial openness. Results were further validated using the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) and Dumitrescu-Hurlin Granger causality test, highlighting the need to optimally utilize military expenditures, financial liberalization, and human capital for the sustainable growth of the region.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Greening South Asia with Financial Liberalization, Human Capital, and Militarization: Evidence from the CS-ARDL Approach

Yahya

Razzaq

2022

Energy & Environment

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“…Additionally, it is assumed that from 2024 to 2030, the province of North Kalimantan will primarily experience the investment development and growth stages (Brown & Jones, 2024). However, the growth during this period is expected to be relatively small, resulting in an average annual spending plan increase of 4.09 percent (Lee & Johnson, 2025).…”

Section: Forecasting Budgetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost Assessment for the Province of North Kalimantan via the Economic Recovery Program

Rafiqoh,

Arkas Viddy,

Asrifan

2023

JBMS

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The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has caused minor fluctuations in the provincial budget, which has prompted the provincial government to reevaluate its priorities and make tough financial decisions, such as allocating funds to essential programs like education, healthcare, and infrastructure versus less pressing matters. This study uses the least square method to forecast and examine North Kalimantan's budget for its economic recovery program from 2023 to 2030. North Kalimantan's budget estimates show a little rise in order to fund its Economic Recovery Program. The most significant budget increase is anticipated to take place in 2023, when all programs are expected to be completed in preparation for the national election in 2024.

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Militarization, gender inequality, and growth: a feminist-Kaleckian model

Elveren

2023

Journal of Post Keynesian Economics

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Military spending and growth: a small open economy stochastic growth model

Cited by 7 publications

References 18 publications

Greening South Asia with Financial Liberalization, Human Capital, and Militarization: Evidence from the CS-ARDL Approach

Greening South Asia with Financial Liberalization, Human Capital, and Militarization: Evidence from the CS-ARDL Approach

Cost Assessment for the Province of North Kalimantan via the Economic Recovery Program

Militarization, gender inequality, and growth: a feminist-Kaleckian model

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