Milk: A Scientific Model for Diet and Health Research in the 21st Century

German, J. Bruce; Lebrilla, Carlito B.; Mills, David A.

doi:10.3389/fnut.2022.922907

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The gut microbiome is an ecological system that provides humans with additional genetic and metabolic traits. It is an example of a mutualistic relationship forged by selective pressure throughout evolution [ 1 ]. The way infants are delivered (normal delivery vs. caesarean section) and fed (human milk vs. formula) greatly determines the microbial colonization of the infant gut [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbial Sialidases and Their Role in the Metabolism of Human Milk Sialylated Glycans

Muñoz-Provencio

Yebra

2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sialic acids (SAs) are α-keto-acid sugars with a nine-carbon backbone present at the non-reducing end of human milk oligosaccharides and the glycan moiety of glycoconjugates. SAs displayed on cell surfaces participate in the regulation of many physiologically important cellular and molecular processes, including signaling and adhesion. Additionally, sialyl-oligosaccharides from human milk act as prebiotics in the colon by promoting the settling and proliferation of specific bacteria with SA metabolism capabilities. Sialidases are glycosyl hydrolases that release α-2,3-, α-2,6- and α-2,8-glycosidic linkages of terminal SA residues from oligosaccharides, glycoproteins and glycolipids. The research on sialidases has been traditionally focused on pathogenic microorganisms, where these enzymes are considered virulence factors. There is now a growing interest in sialidases from commensal and probiotic bacteria and their potential transglycosylation activity for the production of functional mimics of human milk oligosaccharides to complement infant formulas. This review provides an overview of exo-alpha-sialidases of bacteria present in the human gastrointestinal tract and some insights into their biological role and biotechnological applications.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbial Sialidases and Their Role in the Metabolism of Human Milk Sialylated Glycans

Muñoz-Provencio

Yebra

2023

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Selective microbial production of lacto-N-fucopentaose I in Escherichia coli using engineered α-1,2-fucosyltransferases

Endo,

Sugita,

Kamai

et al. 2024

Metabolic Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Genome-scale metabolic modeling of the human milk oligosaccharide utilization by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis

Román,

Melis-Arcos,

Pröschle

et al. 2024

mSystems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis is a representative and dominant species in the infant gut and is considered a beneficial microbe. This organism displays multiple adaptations to thrive in the infant gut, regarded as a model for human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) utilization. These carbohydrates are abundant in breast milk and include different molecules based on lactose. They contain fucose, sialic acid, and N-acetylglucosamine. Bifidobacterium metabolism is complex, and a systems view of relevant metabolic pathways and exchange metabolites during HMO consumption is missing. To address this limitation, a refined genome-scale network reconstruction of this bacterium is presented using a previous reconstruction of B. infantis ATCC 15967 as a template. The latter was expanded based on an extensive revision of genome annotations, current literature, and transcriptomic data integration. The metabolic reconstruction ( i LR578) accounted for 578 genes, 1,047 reactions, and 924 metabolites. Starting from this reconstruction, we built context-specific genome-scale metabolic models using RNA-seq data from cultures growing in lactose and three HMOs. The models revealed notable differences in HMO metabolism depending on the functional characteristics of the substrates. Particularly, fucosyl-lactose showed a divergent metabolism due to a fucose moiety. High yields of lactate and acetate were predicted under growth rate maximization in all conditions, whereas formate, ethanol, and 1,2-propanediol were substantially lower. Similar results were also obtained under near-optimal growth on each substrate when varying the empirically observed acetate-to-lactate production ratio. Model predictions displayed reasonable agreement between central carbon metabolism fluxes and expression data across all conditions. Flux coupling analysis revealed additional connections between succinate exchange and arginine and sulfate metabolism and a strong coupling between central carbon reactions and adenine metabolism. More importantly, specific networks of coupled reactions under each carbon source were derived and analyzed. Overall, the presented network reconstruction constitutes a valuable platform for probing the metabolism of this prominent infant gut bifidobacteria. IMPORTANCE This work presents a detailed reconstruction of the metabolism of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis , a prominent member of the infant gut microbiome, providing a systems view of its metabolism of human milk oligosaccharides.

show abstract

Milk: A Scientific Model for Diet and Health Research in the 21st Century

Cited by 3 publications

References 51 publications

Gut Microbial Sialidases and Their Role in the Metabolism of Human Milk Sialylated Glycans

Gut Microbial Sialidases and Their Role in the Metabolism of Human Milk Sialylated Glycans

Selective microbial production of lacto-N-fucopentaose I in Escherichia coli using engineered α-1,2-fucosyltransferases

Genome-scale metabolic modeling of the human milk oligosaccharide utilization by Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About