Milk proteomics

Abstract

Milk proteins have been studied continuously for over 50 years. Knowledge of this complex protein system has evolved incrementally in recent decades, largely coinciding with advances in technology. Proteomics and associated technologies have the potential to facilitate further advances in our knowledge of milk proteins. Proteomics allows for the detection, identification and characterization of milk proteins. More importantly, proteomics facilitates the analysis of large numbers of milk proteins simultaneously.In the first part of this review we provide a description of the key techniques used within proteomic methodologies, with an emphasis on their general uses within proteomics. In the second part we summarize recent applications of proteomics to milk proteins and highlight the potential for new and rapid advances in the analysis of milk proteins. In particular, we emphasise the effectiveness of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in combination with various mass spectrometry techniques for the detailed characterization of milk proteins. r

Effects of the processing methods of corn grain and soybean meal on milk protein expression profiles in dairy cows

“…The proteome is a complete set of translated proteins in a given biological sample (O'Donnell et al, 2004). Proteomics have been used to investigate bovine milk protein fractions either CN (Galvani et al, 2001), major whey components (Galvani et al, 2001), low abundance proteins (Yamada et al, 2002) or milk fat globule membrane proteins (Reinhardt and Lippolis, 2006).…”

Glycoproteomics of Milk: Differences in Sugar Epitopes on Human and Bovine Milk Fat Globule Membranes

“…The MFGM proteins make up 2-4% of the total protein content of human milk. 1 The lipids in MFGM are secreted from the mammary gland cells and become enveloped in the apical plasma membrane of the alveolar cells, where they are released, together with the membrane bound proteins, from the cells by budding. Hence, MFGM proteins are a reflection of those in the membrane of the mammary gland alveolar cells.…”

Molecular Profiling of A375 Human Malignant Melanoma Cells Treated with Kojic Acid and Arbutin

“…Proteomics is the study of the proteome, the protein complement of the genome. The terms "proteomics" and "proteome" were coined by Marc Wilkins and colleagues in the early 1990s and mirror the terms "genomics" and "genome," which describe the entire collection of genes in an organism 19 . In fact, the proteomic approach is a powerful tool for the simultaneous determination of the protein composition of complex samples.…”