Milk-responsive atopic dermatitis is associated with a casein-specific lymphocyte response in adolescent and adult patients

Werfel, Thomas; Ahlers, Gudrun; Schmidt, Petra; Boeker, Martin; Kapp, Alexander; Neumann, Christine

doi:10.1016/s0091-6749(97)70309-9

Cited by 78 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In our previous study, IgE was not a major antibody in milk-hypersensitive adults (Pelto et al, 1998). Similar results have been obtained by other groups (Bengtsson et al, 1996;Werfel et al, 1997;Bischoff et al, 1997). We measured serum reactivity to milk protein and milk-speci®c IgG 1 , IgG 2 , IgG 3 and IgA antibodies in serum and estimated the prevalence of milk hypersensitivity in young adults.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Milk hypersensitivity in young adults

et al. 1999

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Objective: To estimate the prevalence of milk hypersensitivity in Finnish adults. Design: Cross-sectional study. Subjects: Two hundred men and 206 women aged 27 y randomly recruited from the population register in southwestern Finland. Interventions: The subjects were interviewed about their dairy product consumption, abdominal discomfort after dairy product intake and lactose intolerance. From serum samples, serum reactivity to milk protein and milk-speci®c IgG 1 , IgG 2 , IgG 3 and IgA were measured. Results: About 20% of the subjects reported abdominal discomfort after dairy product intake, whereas only 6.4% had been diagnosed to have lactose intolerance. The amount of milk consumed correlated well with the serum assay results in subjects reporting abdominal discomfort but not in subjects who were free from these symptoms. Among subjects with no record of dairy product restriction or lactose intolerance, those experiencing abdominal discomfort after dairy product intake had signi®cantly higher serum reactivity to milk protein than those without such discomfort. The concentrations of serum milk-speci®c antibodies did not differ between these two groups. The prevalence of milk hypersensitivity in this population was estimated to be 3 ± 6%. Conclusions: Milk hypersensitivity may be as common in adults as in infants. The measurement of serum reactivity to milk protein may prove useful in screening milk hypersensitivity in subjects who have not restricted their dairy product consumption.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Milk hypersensitivity in young adults

et al. 1999

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“…To phenotype the TCCs according to their production of IL-4 and IFN-γ, an arbitrary classification was used that was adapted from a previous study with CMP-specific TCCs. 27 Table III shows phenotypes of clones from individual patients.…”

Section: Production Of Il-4 and Ifn-γmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27 According to this arbitrary classification, the CMP-specific T cells from infants with CMA were predominantly from the T H 2 type and T H 0 type, whereas the infants without CMA did not have any CMP-specific T H 2 cells but had predominantly CMPspecific T cells from the T H 1 type ( Table III).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…27,37 In both studies only the casein fraction of cow's milk was used for T-cell culturing, and, as a consequence, only casein-specific TCCs were generated. Reekers et al 37 described 14 caseinspecific TCCs established from 3 children with AD and allergic reactions to hen's egg and cow's milk.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cytokine release by TCCs is also often determined after exposure to mitogenic stimuli, such as anti-CD3/anti-CD28 antibodies 17 or concavalin A. 27,37 However, in vitro cytokine release by TCCs activated through these nonspecific stimuli can be markedly different from cytokine production after antigen-specific stimulation. 15,17 For these reasons, we propagated and activated the CMP-specific TCCs in our study by using an antigen-specific culture system with autologous B cells as antigen presenters and did not use nonspecific mitogens.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differences in antigen-specific T-cell responses between infants with atopic dermatitis with and without cow’s milk allergy: Relevance of TH2 cytokines

Schade

Dijk²,

Reijsen³

et al. 2000

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

102

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Cow's Milk Allergy in Infants with Atopic Eczema is Associated with Aberrant Production of Interleukin‐4 During Oral Cow's Milk Challenge

Rautava,

Isolauri

2004

J. pediatr. gastroenterol. nutr.

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Objectives:A failure in the establishment and maintenance of oral tolerance in infancy may result in food allergy. To further assess the role of the intestinal immune system in cow's milk allergy (CMA), we investigated the systemic production of the pro‐allergenic Th2 cytokine interleukin (IL)‐4 and antiallergenic cytokines IL‐10, transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1 and TGF‐β2 in infants suffering from atopic eczema with and without CMA during antigen elimination diet and oral antigen exposure.Methods:18 infants (mean age, 9.6 months; 95% confidence interval 8.1‐11.1 months) with atopic eczema and CMA and 17 infants (mean age, 9.7 months; 95% confidence interval 8.6‐10.9 months) with atopic eczema tolerant to milk as assessed by a double blind, placebo‐controlled cow's milk challenge were investigated. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained during antigen elimination diet and during oral cow's milk challenge and stimulated with Concanavalin‐A or cow's milk or were left unstimulated. The cytokine concentrations were measured by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.Results:During antigen elimination, the Concanavalin A‐stimulated production of TGF‐β2 was significantly lower in infants with CMA as compared with infants without CMA: 129 pg/mL (interquartile ratio, 124‐144 pg/mL) vs. 149 pg/mL (interquartile ratio, 133‐169 pg/mL); P = 0.016. During oral antigen exposure, the immune responses in infants with CMA were characterized by significantly higher spontaneous production of IL‐4 as compared with those without CMA: 12.0 pg/mL (interquartile ratio, 5.2‐28.3 pg/mL) vs. 4.2 pg/mL (interquartile ratio, 1.5‐7.6 pg/mL); P = 0.018.Conclusions:Infants with atopic eczema and CMA exhibit markedly increased systemic pro‐allergenic IL‐4 responses on intestinal antigen contact, which may partially be explained by a defective ability to launch anti‐allergenic TGF‐β2 responses.

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Milk-responsive atopic dermatitis is associated with a casein-specific lymphocyte response in adolescent and adult patients

Cited by 78 publications

References 28 publications

Milk hypersensitivity in young adults

Milk hypersensitivity in young adults

Differences in antigen-specific T-cell responses between infants with atopic dermatitis with and without cow’s milk allergy: Relevance of TH2 cytokines

Cow's Milk Allergy in Infants with Atopic Eczema is Associated with Aberrant Production of Interleukin‐4 During Oral Cow's Milk Challenge

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