Milk Urea and Protein Content to Diagnose Energy and Protein Malnutrition of Dairy Cows

Kirchgeßner, M.; Kreuzer, Michael; Roth‐Maier, Dora A.

doi:10.1080/17450398609425260

Cited by 40 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The averages had a little different variability (38.8 > 33.7%) in this investigation and higher U values were stated in cows with higher MYs in both of the cases of the investigations (in B here and in H cows previously, Janů et al 2007). This finding is in consistency with current knowledge of nitrogen matter metabolism in dairy cows (Kirchgessner et al 1985(Kirchgessner et al , 1986Hanuš et al 1993;Illek and Pechová 1997;Pechová et al 2000;Johnson and Young 2003;Kučera 2003;Jílek et al 2006;Zhai et al 2006;Strusiňska et al 2006) that animals with higher MY very often suffer from a higher nitrogen over-loading of their internal body environment. This state could affect their pregnancy and longevity (Piatkowski et al 1981;Butler et al 1996;Ropstad and Refsdal 1987;Říha and Hanuš 1999ab;Hanuš et al 2001) in a negative way.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Impact of Different Milk Yields on Milk Quality in Bohemian Spotted Cattle

et al. 2007

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Hanuš O., J. Frelich, L. Janů, A. Macek, I. Zajíčková, V. Genčurová, R. Jedelská: Impact of Different Milk Yields of Cows on Milk Quality in Bohemian Spotted Cattle. Acta Vet. Brno 2007, 76: 563-571.The milk yield (MY) is a significant economic and health factor. MY influences the health state of dairy cows, their reproduction performance, longevity and milk indicators (MIs). Differences within MIs between 2 higher (1; 8 348 kg per lactation; 240 individual milk samples) and 2 lower yielding herds (2; 7 344; 239) of Bohemian Spotted dairy cows (B) were tested. Sampling was carried out during summer and winter feeding seasons. Lactation factors were well balanced. Group 1 was on a higher genetical level, had better nutrition and higher MY by 13.7% (P < 0.001). All herds were milked twice a day. Twenty-three MIs were examined and 39.1% (9 of 23; 30.4% it was formerly in Holstein (H) with higher MY by 30%) were influenced (P < 0.05) by relatively smaller difference in MY: fat; log somatic cell count; urea (U); acetone (AC); alcohol stability; time for enzymatic coagulation; whey volume; ratio of urea nitrogen in nonprotein nitrogen (URN); fat/protein content ratio. It shows a higher susceptibility of B cows to the impact of higher MY on lactation physiology than H. Most changes were in more important MIs, usually with higher differences compared with H. The whole milk protein spectrum was not influenced (P > 0.05). The U was higher (5.707 > 4.365 mmol·l Dairy cow, Bohemian Spotted cattle, milk yield, milk composition, milk properties, health status indicatorsDecisions on many aspects of cattle keeping (breeding, feeding and milking technologies) are necessary for a good farmer strategy. Additional information about processing capacities or situation on the milk market are essential for competent decisions. These facts are of paramount importance for the milk yield (MY) and consequently its economic efficiency both under extensive and intensive production systems. High MY is preferred because of higher milk income. However, high MY is also under criticism because of the suspected negative impact on animal health, poor reproduction performance and propensity of cows to production disorders and reduced longevity. A poor reproduction performance and longevity were found under a long protein over-loading of dairy cows metabolism by nutrition to ensure high MY. This was connected with high urea concentrations in their body fluids (Piatkowski et al. 1981;Butler et al. 1996;Ropstad and Refsdal 1987; Říha and Hanuš 1999ab;Hanuš et al. 2001). Despite this fact, most breeding programmes focus on the genetical improvement (GI) of MY beside the desirable increase of milk components, particularly protein content. The average MY has increased by more than 40% in the Czech Republic during the last fifteen years. The MY efficiency depends on numerous external and internal factors. The question is, what MY level is still efficient? There is no general answer to this question. The MY is increased by GI in most dairy herds a...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 79%

Impact of Different Milk Yields on Milk Quality in Bohemian Spotted Cattle

et al. 2007

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“…Quite good adaptation within a few weeks seems to be achieved by a rapid decline in milk yield (Zemp et al, 1989b;Christen et ah, 1996) and also by a higher oxygen uptake capacity of the blood due to the continuously increasing hematocrit (Bianca and Naf, 1979;Zemp et al, 1989a). An undesired consequence of the milk yield depression by a period of deficient energy is its partially irreversible nature (Kirchgessner et al, 1986) which leads to persistently low yields even on subsequent lowland pasture (Zemp et al, 1989b). This emphasizes that grazing alone is not sufficient to cover the additional requirements at high altitude.…”

Section: Effects Of High Altitude Pasturingmentioning

confidence: 92%

Metabolic response of early-lactating cows exposed to transport and high altitude grazing conditions

et al. 1998

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“…In healthy ruminants, BUN concentrations indicate the protein to energy ratio in the diet (Baker et al, 1995). Increased dietary protein with constant energy intake, increased solubility or degradability of dietary protein resulted with high BUN while increasing energy with constant protein intake and increased level of feed intake led to a decrease in BUN (Baker et al, 1995, Kirchgessner et al, 1986. The protein source used in concentrate mixture in present study is mustard oil cake that is known to contain high percentage of rumen degradable protein (Mahima et al, 2015) and this may be the reason for higher BUN levels in the experimental goats, irrespective of the dietary treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Feeding Wheat and Paddy Straw on Blood Parameters and Serum Enzymes in Goats

Ganai¹,

Rastogi²,

Sharma³

et al. 2017

J. Anim. Health Prod.

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| Paddy and wheat generate multi-million tons of straw as residue. These two straws although similar in their nutrient content are quite different in microstructure and non-nutritive chemical composition. Present study scrutinized the effect of these straws when fed in combination as compared to fed as sole roughage on blood biochemical profile and serum enzymes. Eighteen non-descript local adult male goats were randomly divided into three equal groups as per randomized block design and were offered concentrate mixture @20g /kg metabolic body weight (W 0.75 ) along with either wheat straw (WS), paddy straw (PS) or wheat-paddy straw as 60:40 mix (WP) ad libitum. Feeding trial lasted for 30 days. The haemoglobin, total serum protein, albumin, blood urea nitrogen and serum enzymes (alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase) were comparable among goats irrespective of the diets. It may be concluded that wheat and paddy straw can be used as sole roughage or in combination without effecting blood biochemical profile and serum enzymes of goats.

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Milk Urea and Protein Content to Diagnose Energy and Protein Malnutrition of Dairy Cows

Cited by 40 publications

References 12 publications

Impact of Different Milk Yields on Milk Quality in Bohemian Spotted Cattle

Impact of Different Milk Yields on Milk Quality in Bohemian Spotted Cattle

Metabolic response of early-lactating cows exposed to transport and high altitude grazing conditions

Effect of Feeding Wheat and Paddy Straw on Blood Parameters and Serum Enzymes in Goats

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