Millennial-scale vegetation and climatic changes from an Early to Mid-Holocene lacustrine archive in Central Ganga Plains using multiple biotic proxies

Misra, Prasanna Kumar; Farooqui, Anjum; Sinha, Rajiv; Khanolkar, Sonal; Tandon, S. K.

doi:10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106474

Cited by 26 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…A recent multiproxy study from nearby Baraila taal reports high moisture conditions in CGP between 6700 cal BP and 5600 cal BP due to a strong ISM, correlating it with the Holocene climatic optimum (Misra et al, 2020). Similar inferences were made from Chaudhary Ka Taal and Jalesar Lake, a palynological study also divulges warm and wet climatic conditions from 6400 cal BP to 3150 cal BP and 4780 cal BP to 3200 cal BP (Saxena et al, 2015; Trivedi et al, 2013).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The D/P or tree cover index was found less than 1 in the Hetapatti profile signalling the area was open and grassland dominated (Alexandre et al, 1997). Various studies reported a dominance of open grassland type vegetation in the area around 12,000 cal BP linked to the Younger Dryas event (Misra et al, 2020; Sharma et al, 2004a; Trivedi et al, 2013), while other palaeo-vegetation records are of the opinion that the Ganga plain was a grassland since last 45,000 cal BP dominated by C 4 type vegetation (Singh, 2005).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the Ganga Basin's wider geographical extent, rich archaeological archives (Figure 1a) the region has not yet received much attention, excepting a few studies, intending to reconstruct regional paleoclimate. Most of these were focussed on the palynological study of few lacustrine deposits (Chauhan et al, 2004(Chauhan et al, , 2009(Chauhan et al, , 2015(Chauhan et al, , 2018Wasson et al, 2013), stable isotopic investigation of soil carbonate nodules and soil organic matter (Agrawal et al, 2012(Agrawal et al, , 2013a(Agrawal et al, , 2013b(Agrawal et al, , 2014a(Agrawal et al, , 2014b, and a few multiproxy studies including lake sediments (Misra et al, 2020;Saxena et al, 2015;Saxena and Singh, 2017;Sharma et al, 2004a;Tripathi et al, 2017;Trivedi et al, 2013). The only available record from archaeological contexts is, an Oxygen isotope analysis of mammalian teeth from the archaeological sites of Kalli Pachchhim, Dadupur and Charda (Sharma et al, 2004b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New evidence of mid- to late- Holocene vegetation and climate change from a Neolithic settlement in western fringe of Central Ganga Plain: Implications for Neolithic to Historic phases

Tripathi¹,

Kotlia

Tiwari

et al. 2020

The Holocene

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Here we present a continuous palaeoclimatic record of 5980 years (7230 cal BP–1250 cal BP) from Hetapatti, a Neolithic site situated on the western fringe of the Central Ganga Plain. The region was a center of reurbanisation following the decline of the Harappan civilisation and is considered a hub of economic, political and religious evolution since the sixth millennium BC. Hetapatti contains an uninterrupted sequence from Neolithic to Historic (Gupta) period. The study integrates two different approaches (phytoliths and carbon isotope analysis) to infer vegetational and climatic changes and to understand their relationship to the cultural sequence. Our results show a gradual transformation from a warm and humid climate into a warm and dry climate from the Neolithic to Historic (Gupta) period. We find an abrupt weakening of the ISM at ~2080 cal BP driving a warm and dry climate. The comparison of our data with other high resolution regional and global records led us to hypothesise a synchronicity in this warm and dry trend, coeval with the Roman warm period (RWP). The observed variation in vegetation and climate might have driven by the fluctuations in the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM). Additionally, the phytolith analysis provides evidence of cereal crops including rice, wheat, barley, millets, etc. suggesting a crop affinity with the earlier Indus crop package. It is interesting to note that the site displays an uninterrupted cultural sequence from Neolithic to Historic times, with artefacts of each phase exhibiting technological and stylistic developments from the preceding culture. From this we infer that the well adapted socio-ecological strategies and availability of perennial rivers may have helped the ancient civilisation to absorb the stress relating to a varying climate.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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New evidence of mid- to late- Holocene vegetation and climate change from a Neolithic settlement in western fringe of Central Ganga Plain: Implications for Neolithic to Historic phases

Tripathi¹,

Kotlia

Tiwari

et al. 2020

The Holocene

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“…Kikar Tal (Saxena and Trivedi, 2017); 64. Baraila Tal (Misra et al, 2020a); 65. Nakta Lake (Quamar and Kar, 2020); 66.…”

Section: Present Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating possible links between Holocene environmental changes and cultural transitions across India

Behera

Chauhan

2023

The Holocene

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From the early Holocene onward, the Indian Subcontinent has accommodated a range of diverse human cultures and associated ecological adaptations and lifestyles. Around 10 kyrs ago, the Subcontinent has witnessed the development of later Mesolithic hunter-gatherers and their subsequent regional transitions to pastoralist (Neolithic) and agricultural (Chalcolithic) lifeways. The Holocene climate records reveal discrepancies in the timing and duration of climatic events, which can be attributed to a vast geographic isolation, the influence of height, elevation, and local climatic conditions. These changing climatic patterns including the development of a geographically variable monsoon directly impacted these various cultures including the Harappans and their contemporaries as well as younger Historical and Medieval empires across India, at various levels. In some regions, environmental changes led to uneven cultural transitions, geographic migrations, and the development of regionally-distinct material cultures along with establishment of sedentary life-ways. This paper attempts to present a review broadly correlating general climatic patterns throughout the Holocene period of India with regional cultural dynamics. All geomorphic-climatic zones of the Subcontinent showed strong inter-proxy coherence between 9 and 5 kyrs in response to increased precipitation. After this warming period ends, we see a moderate dry period as a result of a weakening monsoon and an overall tendency toward aridity throughout all zones (after 4 kyrs). The temporal variation of human habitation and respective adaptive responses suggest broad linkages to the varying climatic and physiographic features at a regional scale. Learning how this shaped human eco-dynamics in the past can help us expand our understanding of human history and implement lessons for the present as well as the future.

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“…The application of connectivity concepts has been growing in India and there have been some important applications in geomorphic stud- Lakes and wetlands have long served as one of the best archives of continental paleoclimatic record and there have been some very promising work from lakes in western India (Enzel et al, 1999;Sinha et al, 2006;Wasson et al, 1984) and some recent work from the Ganga plains (Misra et al, 2019(Misra et al, , 2020Sharma et al, 2004). Prasad et al (2020) have used statistical methods to analyse paleoclimatic data from lakes in two different settings in India to highlight that a 'regime shift' occurred during Holocene.…”

Section: Lakes and Wetlands: Hydrological Connectivity And Paleoclima...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomorphic diversity of the Indian sub‐continent: Progress and updates

Sinha

2021

Earth Surf Processes Landf

Self Cite

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This commentary is designed to highlight the recent contributions on Indian geomorphology that have been published in Earth Surface Processes and Landforms (ESPL). A large number of papers included in this commentary have been published as part of the special issue on Indian geomorphology. However, I have taken the liberty of including a few others that appeared in ESPL in the last couple of years. These papers have covered a variety of topics ranging from erosion rates in Himalayan basins, miliolites in peninsular India, flood risk, connectivity concept, socio‐hydrology, and paleoclimatic reconstruction from lake sediments. They have also utilized a wide range of methodologies and tools including fractals, remote sensing, cosmogenic nuclides, and modelling. It is hoped that this commentary will put the diversity of Indian geomorphology in the correct perspective and will encourage geomorphologists across the world to continue their excellent research.

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Millennial-scale vegetation and climatic changes from an Early to Mid-Holocene lacustrine archive in Central Ganga Plains using multiple biotic proxies

Cited by 26 publications

References 83 publications

New evidence of mid- to late- Holocene vegetation and climate change from a Neolithic settlement in western fringe of Central Ganga Plain: Implications for Neolithic to Historic phases

New evidence of mid- to late- Holocene vegetation and climate change from a Neolithic settlement in western fringe of Central Ganga Plain: Implications for Neolithic to Historic phases

Investigating possible links between Holocene environmental changes and cultural transitions across India

Geomorphic diversity of the Indian sub‐continent: Progress and updates

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