MILLIMETER TRANSIENT POINT SOURCES IN THE SPTpol 100 SQUARE DEGREE SURVEY

Whitehorn, N.; Natoli, T.; Ade, Peter A. R.; Austermann, J. E.; Beall, James A.; Bender, A. N.; Benson, B. A.; Bleem, L. E.; Carlstrom, J. E.; Chang, C. L.; Chiang, H. C.; Cho, H-M.; Citron, R.; Crawford, T. M.; Crites, A. T.; Haan, T. de; Dobbs, M.; Everett, W.; Gallicchio, Jason; George, E. M.; Gilbert, A.; Halverson, N. W.; Harrington, N. L.; Henning, J. W.; Hilton, G. C.; Holder, G. P.; Holzapfel, W. L.; Hoover, S.; Hou, Z.; Hrubes, J. D.; Huang, N.; Hubmayr, Johannes; Irwin, K. D.; Keisler, R.; Knox, L.; Lee, A. T.; Leitch, E. M.; Li, D.; McMahon, Jeffrey; Meyer, S. S.; Mocanu, L. M.; Nibarger, J. P.; Novosad, V.; Padin, S.; Pryke, C.; Reichardt, Christian; Ruhl, J. E.; Saliwanchik, B. R.; Sayre, J. T.; Schaffer, K. K.; Smecher, G.; Stark, A. A.; Story, K. T.; Tucker, C.; Vanderlinde, K.; Vieira, J. D.; Wang, G.; Yefremenko, V.

doi:10.3847/0004-637x/830/2/143

Cited by 30 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Although the sky is regularly monitored across many bands of the electromagnetic spectrum (as well as in gravitational waves and energetic particles) the dynamic sky at millimeter to sub-millimeter wavelengths (0.1-10 mm) remains poorly explored. There has only been one blind transient survey specific to the millimeter band 1 (Whitehorn et al 2016); millimeter facilities are usually only triggered after an initial discovery at another wavelength. Even when targeting known transients, the success rate for detection is low, and only a few extragalactic transients 2 .…”

Section: The Transient Millimeter Skymentioning

confidence: 99%

AT2018cow: A Luminous Millimeter Transient

Phinney

Ravi

et al. 2019

ApJ

156

290

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We present detailed submillimeter-through centimeter-wave observations of the extraordinary extragalactic transient AT2018cow. The apparent characteristicsthe high radio luminosity, the rise and long-lived emission plateau at millimeter bands, and the sub-relativistic velocity -have no precedent. A basic interpretation of the data suggests E k 4 × 10 48 erg coupled to a fast but sub-relativistic (v ≈ 0.13c) shock in a dense (n e ≈ 3 × 10 5 cm −3 ) medium. We find that the X-ray emission is not naturally explained by an extension of the radio-submm synchrotron spectrum, nor by inverse Compton scattering of the dominant blackbody UVOIR photons by energetic electrons within the forward shock. By ∆t ≈ 20 days, the X-ray emission shows spectral softening and erratic inter-day variability. Taken together, we are led to invoke an additional source of X-ray emission: the central engine of the event. Regardless of the nature of this central engine, this source heralds a new class of

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Section: The Transient Millimeter Skymentioning

confidence: 99%

AT2018cow: A Luminous Millimeter Transient

Phinney

Ravi

et al. 2019

ApJ

156

290

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“…Afterglows often have a spectral peak in or near the mm range [117], with emission lasting over days to weeks. One candidate object with properties broadly consistent with a GRB afterglow was tentatively detected by Whitehorn et al [119] on SPT data over 100 deg 2 with an observing time of 6,000 h, but the statistical significance of the detection was too low to completely rule out a fluctuation. GRB emission is expected to be less tightly beamed at these wavelengths than in gamma-rays.…”

Section: The Extragalactic Transient Skymentioning

confidence: 96%

Extragalactic Astrophysics With Next-Generation CMB Experiments

Zotti

Bonato

Negrello

et al. 2019

Front. Astron. Space Sci.

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Planck, SPT and ACT surveys have clearly demonstrated that Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) experiments, while optimised for cosmological measurements, have made important contributions to the field of extragalactic astrophysics in the last decade. Future CMB experiments have the potential to make even greater contributions. One example is the detection of highz galaxies with extreme gravitational amplifications. The combination of flux boosting and of stretching of the images has allowed the investigation of the structure of galaxies at z 3 with the astounding spatial resolution of about 60 pc. Another example is the detection of proto-clusters of dusty galaxies at high z when they may not yet possess the hot intergalactic medium allowing their detection in X-rays or via the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect. Next generation CMB experiments, like PICO, CORE, CMB-Bharat from space and Simons Observatory and CMB-S4 from the ground, will discover several thousands of strongly lensed galaxies out to z ∼ 6 or more and of 1 arXiv:1907.05323v1 [astro-ph.GA] 11 Jul 2019 De Zotti et al. Running Title Figure 1. Effect of angular resolution on the confusion limit. The filled blue circles show the differential counts of sources on SPT maps degraded to the PICO resolution at 150 GHz (FWHM = 6.2 ; left panel) and 220 GHz (FWHM = 3.6 ; right panel) compared with the SPT counts of Mocanu et al. [5, orange stars]. The vertical dot-dashed lines correspond, from left to right, to the 90% completeness limits at the full SPT resolution, at the PICO resolution and at the Planck resolution.galaxy proto-clusters caught in the phase when their member galaxies where forming the bulk of their stars. They will also detect tens of thousands of local dusty galaxies and thousands of radio sources at least up to z 5. Moreover they will measure the polarized emission of thousands of radio sources and of dusty galaxies at mm/sub-mm wavelengths.

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“…Telescopes designed for observations of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) are optimized for wide-field surveys, operate at millimeter wavelengths, and have a typical observing strategy in which a patch of sky up to thousands of square degrees is reobserved regularly, making them powerful instruments for transient surveys (Holder et al 2019). Whitehorn et al (2016) performed the first transient survey with a CMB experiment using SPTpol, the second-generation camera on the South Pole Telescope (SPT), and found one transient candidate with no apparent counterpart. Recently, the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT) serendipitously discovered three flares associated with stars (Naess et al 2021) similar to those previously observed by Brown & Brown (2006), Beasley & Bastian (1998), Massi et al (2006), Salter et al (2010), andBower et al (2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detection of Galactic and Extragalactic Millimeter-wavelength Transient Sources with SPT-3G

Guns

Foster

Daley

et al. 2021

ApJ

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High angular resolution cosmic microwave background experiments provide a unique opportunity to conduct a survey of time-variable sources at millimeter wavelengths, a population that has primarily been understood through follow-up measurements of detections in other bands. Here we report the first results of an astronomical transient survey with the South Pole Telescope (SPT) using the SPT-3G camera to observe 1500 deg 2 of the southern sky. The observations took place from 2020 March to November in three bands centered at 95, 150, and 220 GHz. This survey yielded the detection of 15 transient events from sources not previously detected by the SPT. The majority

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MILLIMETER TRANSIENT POINT SOURCES IN THE SPTpol 100 SQUARE DEGREE SURVEY

Cited by 30 publications

References 34 publications

AT2018cow: A Luminous Millimeter Transient

AT2018cow: A Luminous Millimeter Transient

Extragalactic Astrophysics With Next-Generation CMB Experiments

Detection of Galactic and Extragalactic Millimeter-wavelength Transient Sources with SPT-3G

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