Millimeter‐Wave Channels

Abstract

This article provides an overview of measurements and models of millimeter‐wave (mmWave) propagation channels. After a review of the frequency dependence of propagation phenomena and the definition of parameters of interest, we then discuss the different methods for measuring mmWave channels both indoors and outdoors. Then follows an overview of the key measurement results, surveying again the literature of indoor channels, outdoor channels, and the impact of moving people. A survey of different types of channel models, including 3GPP type, geometry‐based stochastic channel models, and map‐based models elucidates the aspects of those models that are particularly relevant for mmWave frequencies. A discussion of the interaction of channels and mmWave systems and an outlook and discussion of future research topics round off this article.

Terahertz Wireless Channels: A Holistic Survey on Measurement, Modeling, and Analysis

“…Channel characteristics in the THz band are quite different from those of the lower (mmWave and cmWave) and higher (infrared and visible light) frequency bands. Thus, although channel models for lower frequencies have been well explored [15], [102]- [106], these methodologies cannot be uncritically applied to THz channels and need to be modified and tailored to accurately characterize the THz wave peculiarities, including the strong molecular absorption phenomena and the resulting distance-adaptive spectral windows [107], severe frequency selectivity and the resulting temporal broadening effects [108], among others. In this section, we describe fundamental THz channel modeling methodologies as well as some existing models.…”