Millon Behavioral Health Inventory Scores of Patients With Chronic Pain Associated with Myofascial Pain Syndrome

Abstract

The pattern of the results indicated that CPPs with MPS, especially males, differ from the MBHI Manual normative data counterparts. These differences appear to be greater than those for CPPs with mixed pain diagnoses. Differences in MBHI scale scores between CPPs with MPS and MBHI Manual normative data counterparts may be related to a number of issues, such as whether differences in state factors reflecting depression and anxiety might affect trait factors purportedly measured by the MBHI.

Accuracy of the Modified Somatic Perception Questionnaire and Pain Disability Index in the Detection of Malingered Pain-Related Disability in Chronic Pain

“…Symptomatic and functional outcomes in spinal pain are not fully explained by objectively demonstrated physical pathology (Boden, Davis, Dina, Patronas, & Wiesel, 1990;Boden, McCowin, et al, 1990) and psychosocial factors, including potential financial compensation (Voorhies, Jiang, & Thomas, 2007) are known to complicate clinical pain management (Barnes, Smith, Gatchel, & Mayer, 1989;Block, Gatchel, Deardorff, & Guyer, 2003;Bruns & Disorbio, 2009;Fishbain, Turner, Rosomoff, & Rosomoff, 2001;Gatchel, 2004;Guo, Tanaka, Halperin, & Cameron, 1999;Harris, Mulford, Solomon, van Gelder, & Young, 2005;Linton, 2000;Linton & Boersma, 2003). Painful injuries often occur in the context of legally compensable events (Schofferman, Anderson, Hines, Smith, & White, 1992) and as many as a third of pain patients seen for psychological evaluation in a compensable context can be diagnosed as malingering .…”

Optimism and the Experience of Pain: A Systematic Review

“…While previous research supports the moderating role of sex in that a stronger protective effect of optimism on health-related variables was found for men in general (e.g., in mortality, see Giltay et al, 104 Peterson et al 105 ), only one of the 69 studies included in the present review 49 explicitly investigated sex differences of the optimism-pain relation: they detected a beneficial association for women and no association for men. Future studies should test for sex as a moderator variable.…”

“…These different results partly stem from different statistical analyses of the same data: in some cases, for example, simple correlations or univariate regressions were significantly positive, while the association disappeared in more complex models such as hierarchical regressions or multivariate models. 82,83,86 Apart from that, "mixed results" also refers to diverging results for subgroups of the sample (e.g., men vs. women, 49 different experimental conditions, 93 clinical population vs. healthy controls), 100 for different optimism parameters (e.g., subscales of the LOT), 75 for different pain outcomes (e.g., pain intensity vs. pain tolerance or pain threshold; 78,95 clinical vs. experimental pain; 101 different types of clinical pain) 57,65,66 or for different times of measurement (first vs. second experimental session; 97 baseline vs. follow-up). 50,73,87 Twenty-one studies (30.4% of all 69 studies) did not detect any association; one study 84 reports a negative association for one subgroup of the sample (patients with established rheumatoid arthritis), beneficial associations for the other two subgroups (early and intermediate rheumatoid arthritis) and no association between optimism and pain in the overall correlation.…”

Causality of Psychological Injury

“…Severely depressed patients (Ward, Bloom, & Friedel, 1979) and individuals with a tendency to experience anger (Burns, Bruehl, & Caceres, 2004) tend to have more severe acute and chronic pain compared to others. Moreover, somatic anxiety is higher in chronic pain patients than in controls (Fishbain, Turner, Rosomoff, & Rosomoff, 2001), and state, or reactive, anxiety predicts pain in older patients (Feeney, 2004). Pain exists comorbidly with depression, anxiety, anger, and PTSD (Krueger, Tackett, & Markon, 2004;.…”