“…Various optical devices have been designed based on SPPs such as filters, directional couplers, modulators, beam splitters, plasmonic diodes, wavelength division multiplexers (WDM), slow light devices, logic gates, all-optical switches, sensors, and so forth [4,[23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. Among them, a plasmonic sensor that composes of a metal-insulator-metal (MIM) bus waveguide coupled to a resonator (or several cavities), has become the most promising structure because they acquire the merits of simple form, strong electromagnetic (EM) wave confinement and flexibility, slight band loss, long propagation distance, and ease of fabrication [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37].…”