“…Therefore, inspired by the naturally occurring adhesive phenomena, a number of synthetic adhesive materials were created and endowed with abundant application values. With the recent advancements, adhesive materials 23,24 have increasingly shown their superiority in the fields of tissue engineering, [25][26][27][28][29] drug delivery, [30][31][32][33][34] soft actuators, [35][36][37][38][39] wearable devices [40][41][42][43][44] and so on. For example, as a commonly used accessory material in surgery, tissue adhesives can be used as a substitute for sutures in hemostasis, 45,46 tissue adhesion 47,48 and wound closure.…”