Mimosine Toxicity in Broiler Chicks Fed Leucaena leucocephala Seed Powder

Kamada, Yasuhiro; Oshiro, Nobuaki; Oku, Hirosuke; Hongo, Fujiya; Chinen, Isao

doi:10.2508/chikusan.68.121

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…L. leucocephala leaves and seeds had high content of mimosine (10-40 g/kg dry matter) (Puchala, Davis, & Sahlu, 1996). Mimosine in the seed (3.46% of dry matter) was sixfold higher than that found in the leaves (0.56% of dry matter) (Kamada et al, 1997). Mimosine could be removed by prolonged soaking of the leaves or seeds in water at 30°C (Puchala, Sahlu, Davis, & Hart, 1995).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To determine the mimosine content in the muscle of shrimp, the extraction of mimosine was carried out by the method of Kamada et al (1997) with a slight modification. One gram of ground sample was homogenised in 6 ml of 0.1 N HCl solution, using an IKA Labortechnik homogeniser (Selangor, Malaysia).…”

Section: Determination Of Mimosine Content In the Muscle Of White Shrimpmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is used as livestock feed because of the tree's high content of protein, carotenoids, vitamin k, xanthophylls and minerals (Kamada, Oshiro, Oku, Hongo, & Chinen, 1997). Additionally, seeds and leaves of lead are consumed as human foods .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibition of melanosis formation in Pacific white shrimp by the extract of lead (Leucaena leucocephala) seed

Nirmal

Benjakul

2011

Food Chemistry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Determination Of Mimosine Content In the Muscle Of White Shrimpmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibition of melanosis formation in Pacific white shrimp by the extract of lead (Leucaena leucocephala) seed

Nirmal

Benjakul

2011

Food Chemistry

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“…L. leucocephala leaves and seeds had high content of mimosine (10-40 g/kg dry matter) (Puchala et al 1996). Mimosine in seed (3.46 % dry matter) was 6-fold higher than that found in leaves (0.56 % dry matter) (Kamada et al 1997). Water could be used to extract mimosine from the brown lead seed powder and spectrophotometric method could be used as rapid and sensitive method for detection of mimosine (Nirmal and Benjakul 2011).…”

Section: Effect Of Extraction Solvent On Yield Compositions and Antimentioning

confidence: 90%

“…It has been used as livestock feed due to their high contents of protein, carotenoids, vitamin-K, xanthophylls and minerals (Nirmal and Benjakul 2011;Kamada et al 1997). Additionally, seeds and leaves of lead tree have been consumed as human foods (Sahlu et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant activities of lead (Leucaena leucocephala) seed as affected by extraction solvent, prior dechlorophyllisation and drying methods

et al. 2012

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Extracts of brown lead (Leucaena leucocephala) seed prepared using different extraction solvents were determined for antioxidative activities using different assays. The highest yield (3.4-4.0%) was obtained when water was used as an extraction solvent, compared with all ethanolic extracts used (1.2-2.0 %) (P<0.05). Much lower chlorophyll content was found in the water extract. When hot water was used, the resulting extract contained lower total phenolic and mimosine contents (P<0.05). In general, 60-80 % ethanolic extracts had higher 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activities, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and metal chelating activity than water extracts (P<0.05). When brown lead seed was dechlorophyllised prior to extraction, the water extract had slightly increased yield with lower chlorophyll content. Nevertheless, prior chlorophyll removal resulted in the increase in antioxidative activities but lower total phenolic and mimosine contents (P<0.05). Generally, phenolic compounds and mimosine were more released when water was used as the extraction solvent, while the lower amount of chlorophyll was extracted. Oven-drying exhibited the negative effect on antioxidative activities and mimosine content. The higher antioxidative activities with concomitant higher total phenolic and mimosine contents were found in water extract dried by freeze drying. Thus, extraction solvent, dechlorophyllisation and drying methods directly influenced the yield and antioxidative activity of lead seed extract.

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Systemic effects of Leucaena leucocephala ingestion on ringtailed lemurs (Lemur catta) at Berenty Reserve, Madagascar

Crawford

Puschner

Affolter

et al. 2015

American J Primatol

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Leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) is a leguminous tree that is nutritious forage for domestic livestock when ingested in limited amounts. Unfortunately, leucaena contains mimosine, a plant amino acid, that can be toxic when ingested at higher concentrations. Reported toxic effects include alopecia (fur loss), poor body condition, infertility, low birth weight, thyroid gland dysfunction, and organ toxicity. Originally native to Mexico and Central America, leucaena has been introduced throughout the tropics, including Berenty Reserve, Madagascar where it was planted as supplemental browse for livestock. In Berenty, a seasonal syndrome of alopecia in ringtailed lemurs (Lemur catta) is associated with eating leucaena. Although much is known about the toxic effects of leucaena and mimosine on domestic animals and humans, the systemic effects on wildlife had not been studied. In a comparison of lemurs that include leucaena in their diet and those that do not, we found that animals that ingest leucaena absorb mimosine but that ingestion does not affect body condition, cause kidney or liver toxicity, or affect the intestinal tract. Alopecia is due to mimosine's interference of the hair follicle cycle. Leucaena ingestion is associated with higher serum albumin, α-tocopherol, and thyroxine concentrations, suggesting that leucaena may provide some nutritional benefit and that lemurs can detoxify and convert mimosine to a thyroid stimulating metabolite. The primary conservation consequence of leucaena ingestion at Berenty may be increased infant mortality due to the infants' inability cling to their alopecic mothers. The widespread introduction of leucaena throughout the tropics and its rapid spread in secondary forest conditions mean that many other leaf-eating mammals may be including this tree in their diet. Thus, exposure to leucaena should be considered when wildlife health is being evaluated, and the potential effects on wildlife health should be considered when contemplating leucaena introduction into or near wildlife habitat.

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Mimosine Toxicity in Broiler Chicks Fed Leucaena leucocephala Seed Powder

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

Inhibition of melanosis formation in Pacific white shrimp by the extract of lead (Leucaena leucocephala) seed

Inhibition of melanosis formation in Pacific white shrimp by the extract of lead (Leucaena leucocephala) seed

Antioxidant activities of lead (Leucaena leucocephala) seed as affected by extraction solvent, prior dechlorophyllisation and drying methods

Systemic effects of Leucaena leucocephala ingestion on ringtailed lemurs (Lemur catta) at Berenty Reserve, Madagascar

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