“…Certainly, a transition is necessary in which learners learn to participate in science activities that demand deeper engagement on their part. This transition is a process that is dependent on teachers' acceptance of what is expected of them to replace outmoded classroom models of teaching and learning science with learner-centric models (McComas, 2017;Moemeke, 2014;Voogt et al, 2013), including the use of mind map (McCrea & Lorenzet, 2018). In terms of pedagogical practice, many salient researches have provided useful insights about how mind mapping can be used in diverse fields to make teaching and learning more stimulating, enjoying and effective in science (Wilson et al, 2016), health science (Rosciano, 2015), engineering (Dixon and Lammi, 2014), and education research methods (Murtonen, 2015).…”