The article shows that the mind map technology meets the needs of a modern school, solves new educational standard tasks and develops creative thinking skills in schoolchildren. Mind maps are described, features of application of this technology in secondary schools are analyzed, and its effectiveness is tested in history lessons. The key theoretical characteristics of the technology and the concept of mind maps are presented; an analysis of the influence of mind maps on cognitive universal educational actions of students is carried out. The article describes the results of a pedagogical experiment on the development of cognitive thinking skills by means of mind maps. The use of mind maps in history lessons activates the mental activity, contributes to the development of critical thinking skills and increases the overall efficiency of memorizing information by enhancing the creative abilities of students. Among the advantages of mind maps is the use of the entire spectrum of brain activities (operating with words, images and numbers, logic, rhythm, color and spatial orientation, providing the freedom of arbitrary application of mental capabilities) and the ability to identify missing information to pose a problem question, track relationships and interdependencies. Among the disadvantages are the need for training for their effective use and overcoming the psychological load in case of misunderstanding of the educational task; insufficient scalability to reflect complex, multi-stage processes, the risk of overloading the mind map with information, the likelihood of generating false associations.