Mind over Machine: The Power of Human Intuition and Expertise in the Era of the Computer

Dreyfus, Hubert L.; Dreyfus, Stuart E.; Zadeh, Lotfi A.

doi:10.1109/mex.1987.4307079

Cited by 1,711 publications

(2,178 citation statements)

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“…In support of this view, they cite an informal experiment where a chess international master was able to maintain a good level in spite of having to carry out an interfering task (adding dictated numbers). Dreyfus and Dreyfus (1986) conclude that, although adding numbers interfered with his ability to carry out search and construct plans, this player was still able to produce the fluent and integrated play that is typical of expert level. We do agree that pattern recognition plays an important role in chess, and that limiting thinking time affects the quality of play less than would be the case if search and analytic thinking were the only ingredients of skill.…”

Section: Weaknesses Of the Theorymentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Benner's influential theory of nursing expertise closely follows the skill acquisition theory developed by Dreyfus and Dreyfus (1986). It proposes that the road from novice to expert nurse encompasses five stages.…”

Section: Benner's Theory Of Skill Acquisition In Nursingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experts may revert to analytic thinking-that is, revert to a previous stage-with situations for Expert Intuition in Nursing 8 which they have no experience or in situations in which the "intuitive grasp" turned out to be incorrect. They may also reflect on their whole intuitions and try to improve them, a process Dreyfus and Dreyfus (1986) call "deliberate rationality." Benner et al (1996) also emphasized the importance of knowing the patients and of being emotionally involved in the development of nursing intuition.…”

Section: Benner's Theory Of Skill Acquisition In Nursingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Benner and her colleagues, based on previous work by the Dreyfus brothers (Dreyfus & Dreyfus, 1986;Dreyfus, 1965), strongly argue that intuition and holistic perception are necessary for performing at expert level. However, by doing so, they underestimate the role played by analytic and conscious problem solving at the expert level.…”

Section: Weaknesses Of the Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Towards an alternative to Benner's theory of expert intuition in nursing: A discussion paper

Gobet

Chassy

2008

International Journal of Nursing Studies

115

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Several authors have highlighted the role of intuition in expertise. In particular, a large amount of data has been collected about intuition in expert nursing, and intuition plays an important role in the influential theory of nursing expertise developed by Benner (1984). We discuss this theory, and highlight both data that support it and data that challenge it. Based on this assessment, we propose a new theory of nursing expertise and intuition, which emphasizes how perception and conscious problem solving are intimately related. In the discussion, we propose that this theory opens new avenues of enquiry for research into nursing expertise. KeywordsCare, decision-making, expertise, intuition, memory, nursing, pattern recognition Expert Intuition in Nursing 3 Towards an alternative to Benner's theory of expert intuition in nursing:A discussion paper What is already known about the topic?• While the role of intuition in nursing has been the topic of considerable debate, studies have established that this is a genuine phenomenon.• Definitions of experts' intuition emphasize five features: rapid perception, lack of awareness of the processes engaged, presence of emotions, holistic understanding of the situation, and overall good quality of the proposed solutions.• The literature often refers to Patricia Benner's theory of nursing expertise, which proposes that the road to expertise encompasses five stages. What this paper adds• A detailed discussion of Benner's theory, which leads to the conclusion that the theory is too simple to account for the complex pattern of phenomena that recent research on expert intuition has uncovered.• A new theory of expert intuition in nursing, which provides mechanisms for explaining how intuitive, perceptual decision making is linked to more analytical problem solving.• The suggestion that standard research on expertise (mostly based on the natural sciences) and that on nursing expertise (often based on phenomenology) should start a constructive dialogue. Expert Intuition in Nursing

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Section: Weaknesses Of the Theorymentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Benner's Theory Of Skill Acquisition In Nursingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Benner's Theory Of Skill Acquisition In Nursingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Weaknesses Of the Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Towards an alternative to Benner's theory of expert intuition in nursing: A discussion paper

Gobet

Chassy

2008

International Journal of Nursing Studies

115

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“…Enhancing manual therapy practice would require building this eclectic knowledge base; that Ryle, 1949Ryle, /2000Polanyi, 1966Polanyi, /2009Argyris and Schon, 1974;Benner, 1984;Kolb, 1984;Eisner, 1985;Dreyfus and Dreyfus, 1986;Schon, 1987;Shepard et al, 1990;Brown and McIntyre, 1993;Eraut, 1994;Morgan, 1994;Benner et al, 1996;Heron, 1996;Fish, 1998;Reason, 1998;Higgs and Titchen, 2000;Beeston and Higgs, 2001;Billett, 2001;Higgs and Andresen, 2001;Titchen and Ersser, 2001a;White, 2001 is all aspects of our practice knowledge (all types of knowledge used in practice, not just technical rational) need to be explicated, critically reviewed and developed. This has also been argued be others (Richardson, 1993;Malterud, 2001;Titchen and Ersser, 2001b;Higgs et al, 2004).…”

Section: Knowledge Used In Clinical Practicementioning

confidence: 99%

Ready for a paradigm shift? Part 1: Introducing the philosophy of qualitative research

2012

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Expertise, task complexity, and artificial intelligence: A conceptual framework

Buckland

Florian

1991

J. Am. Soc. Inf. Sci.

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Relationships between users' expertise, task complexity of information system use, artificial intelligence, and information service mission provide the basis for a conceptual framework for considering the role that artificial intelligence might, in principle, play in information systems. Users' expertise, task complexity, and information system service mission are multidimensional constructs. Increasing users' expertise and/or reducing task complexity are alternatives to or complements of the use of artificial intelligence. Intelligent systems and intelligent users each need both cognitive and conceptual models. System intelligence can be assessed by the ability to discriminate reliably between different situations and is independent of whether a system is "computer-delegated" or "computer-assisted." "Computer-assisted" systems are likely to be more intelligent and more effective. Four examples of application illustrate these conclusions.

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Mind over Machine: The Power of Human Intuition and Expertise in the Era of the Computer

Cited by 1,711 publications

References 0 publications

Towards an alternative to Benner's theory of expert intuition in nursing: A discussion paper

Towards an alternative to Benner's theory of expert intuition in nursing: A discussion paper

Ready for a paradigm shift? Part 1: Introducing the philosophy of qualitative research

Expertise, task complexity, and artificial intelligence: A conceptual framework

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