This chapter highlights some of the current literature around how neuroscience informs the conditions necessary for psychological well-being and flourishing. Three conditions associated with flourishing are explored in context within the brain: (1) mindfulness, (2) compassion, and (3) creativity. Mindfulness is an essential component in establishing states of flourishing by modulating specific structural and functional networks of the brain that are associated with modulating our awareness to our thoughts, emotions, and mind wandering. Compassion is an extension of mindfulness, whereby brain regions involved in the reward network generate positive emotions and feelings of social connection that compel us to act on the behalf of others. For creativity, the neural evidence suggests that a balance of specific neural circuits allows us to toggle between focused concentration and mind-wandering states, which manifest qualities of openness, curiosity, and flexibility. Identifying these neural substrates helps elucidate the states of human well-being and offers strategies to facilitate flourishing.