Mindfulness facets as differential mediators of short and long-term effects of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in diabetes outpatients: Findings from the DiaMind randomized trial

Haenen, Sharon; Nyklı́ček, Ivan; Son, Jenny Van; Pop, Victor J.M.; Pouwer, Frans

doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2016.04.006

Cited by 29 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The finding that a mindfulness intervention changes trait mindfulness is in line with the literature (Visted, Vøllestad, Nielsen, & Nielsen, 2015;Gu et al, 2015). The finding that mindfulness facets did not mediate the effects of the intervention on depressive symptoms is not in line with previous studies (e.g., Heeren et al, 2015;Haenen, Nyklíček, van Son, Pop, & Pouwer, 2016). The finding that only observing and non-reacting facets of mindfulness were significant mediators of the effects of the intervention is consistent with theoretical accounts on the definition of the construct as non-judgmental and non-reactive present-moment awareness (Bishop et al, 2004), and with previous studies (e.g., Heeren et al, 2015;Josefsson, Larsman, Broberg & Lundh, 2011).…”

Section: Two-condition Within-subjects' Mediation Analysissupporting

confidence: 76%

Mindfulness, self-compassion and psychological inflexibility mediate the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention in a sample of oncology nurses

Duarte

Pinto‐Gouveia

2017

Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science

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Objectives: Mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have received large empirical support for their efficacy. In comparison, few studies have explored the underlying mechanisms and processes through which MBIs impact outcomes. This study aimed to explore the potential role of trait mindfulness, self-compassion and psychological inflexibility as mediators of the effects of a MBI on burnout, compassion fatigue, psychological symptoms and satisfaction with life.Method: This study used data from a non-randomized controlled study with a sample of oncology nurses. Participants were recruited from two large oncology hospitals in Portugal's north and centre regions. A sample of 94 oncology nurses agreed to participate in the study and self-selected into an experimental (n = 45) and a wait-list comparison condition (n = 48).Participants in the wait-list comparison condition received the intervention at a later date.Complete data was obtained for 48 of the initial 94 participants, mainly due to poor follow-up data rather than high drop-out rate. The data analysed was from both waitlist and intervention participants after the waitlist group had received the intervention. Participants completed selfreport measures to assess several processes, such as mindfulness, psychological inflexibility, self-compassion, and several outcomes, such as burnout and compassion fatigue, depression, anxiety and stress symptoms, and satisfaction with life.Results: Changes in mindfulness mediated changes in burnout, anxiety and stress, and satisfaction with life; changes in self-compassion mediated the impact of the intervention on burnout, depression, anxiety, stress and satisfaction with life; and psychological inflexibility mediated reductions in burnout, compassion fatigue, depression, and stress.Conclusions: These findings contribute to the growing body of research examining the underlying mechanisms at work in MBIs, and highlight the importance of mindfulness, selfcompassion and psychological inflexibly as key change processes.3

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Section: Two-condition Within-subjects' Mediation Analysissupporting

confidence: 76%

Mindfulness, self-compassion and psychological inflexibility mediate the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention in a sample of oncology nurses

Duarte

Pinto‐Gouveia

2017

Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science

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“…Participants are asked to indicate “to what extent they felt that way lately.” The items are scored on five-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (not at all) to 4 (extremely). Internal consistencies of these subscales are good, ranging from Cronbach’s alpha of 0.87–0.91 (depression, in the present study being 0.92 at baseline) to 0.82–0.84 (anxiety, in the present study being 0.87 at baseline), and correlations with related and unrelated constructs showed convergent and discriminant validity (Wald and Mellenbergh 1990), and the subscales have been found to be sensitive to change over the course of a mindfulness-based psychological intervention (Haenen et al 2016). …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 53%

For Whom Does Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Work? Moderating Effects of Personality

Nyklı́ček

Irrmischer

2017

Mindfulness

Self Cite

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The aim of the present study was to examine potentially moderating effects of personality characteristics regarding changes in anxious and depressed mood associated with Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR), controlling for socio-demographic factors. Meditation-naïve participants from the general population self-presenting with psychological stress complaints (n = 167 participants, 70% women, mean age 45.8 ± 9.3 years) were assessed in a longitudinal investigation of change in mood before and after the intervention and at a 3-month follow-up. Participants initially scoring high on neuroticism showed stronger decreases in both anxious and depressed mood (both p < 0.001). However, when controlled for baseline mood, only the time by neuroticism interaction effect on anxiety remained significant (p = 0.001), reflecting a smaller decrease in anxiety between pre- and post-intervention but a larger decrease in anxiety between post-intervention and follow-up in those with higher baseline neuroticism scores. Most personality factors did not show moderating effects, when controlled for baseline mood. Only neuroticism showed to be associated with delayed benefit. Results are discussed in the context of findings from similar research using more traditional cognitive-behavioral interventions.

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“…The “how” skills of mindfulness (e.g., nonjudging and nonreactivity), instead, might be enhanced to improve subjective well-being for neurotic individuals tending to acting hastily under negative mood and for those tending to get easily irritated. In sum, the relationships between neuroticism aspects with hedonic and eudaimonic well-being measures via mindfulness might then suggest which unique mindfulness skills could be prioritized for targeting clinical interventions aimed to promote well-being and to reduce psychological distress (e.g., Haenen et al 2016; Vinci et al 2016). Since our study has been conducted with a community-based sample, our findings provided preliminary evidence suggesting that also laypersons high on neuroticism can improve their well-being through incorporating mindful awareness practices into their everyday lives and coping repertoires.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A facet-level analysis of mindfulness skills is deemed important for examining incremental validity of some facets over others in predicting different outcomes (Baer et al 2006). The use of multifaceted mindfulness measures has also contributed to strengthen the evidence that support the effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions (e.g., Haenen et al 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These results suggest that different facets of mindfulness may act differently in clinical settings and that using a total score of mindfulness (i.e., a broad level of analysis) might be misleading. For instance, only some facets might be involved as predictors of health outcomes in clinical trials (e.g., Forman et al 2007; Haenen et al 2016). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Dimensions of Mindfulness and Their Relations with Psychological Well-Being and Neuroticism

et al. 2016

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In this study we examined whether differences in the habitual use of mindfulness skills were associated with specific well-being and neuroticism aspects. Two hundred eleven volunteers aged 21–84 years completed measures of mindfulness, neuroticism, psychological well-being (PWB), and subjective well-being (SWB). Describing, observing, and acting with awareness (i.e., the mindfulness “what” skills) were positively correlated with personal growth, purpose in life, and autonomy (i.e., the “core” eudaimonic components of PWB). Nonreactivity and nonjudging (i.e., the mindfulness “how” skills) were negatively associated with neuroticism aspects, such as withdrawal (e.g., depression) and volatility (e.g., anger). Describing and nonreactivity were the only mindfulness skills significantly correlated with the SWB measures. Acting with awareness mediated the effect of both withdrawal and volatility on eudaimonic well-being outcomes. Describing had consistent mediation effects across all well-being measures, but only for the withdrawal aspect. Nonreactivity and nonjudging did not mediated withdrawal when considering eudaimonic well-being as outcomes. Mediation effects for nonjudging and nonreactivity were found between volatility and SWB markers as well as between volatility and self-acceptance, environmental mastery, and positive relations with others (i.e., the “other” eudaimonic PWB components). In sum, the mindfulness “what” skills were important for eudaimonic well-being, especially for internalizing individuals. Authors discuss the usefulness of a facet-level analysis of mindfulness for examining incremental validity of some facets over others in accounting for different well-being outcomes measures. Clinical implications are also discussed.

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Mindfulness facets as differential mediators of short and long-term effects of Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in diabetes outpatients: Findings from the DiaMind randomized trial

Cited by 29 publications

References 40 publications

Mindfulness, self-compassion and psychological inflexibility mediate the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention in a sample of oncology nurses

Mindfulness, self-compassion and psychological inflexibility mediate the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention in a sample of oncology nurses

For Whom Does Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Work? Moderating Effects of Personality

Dimensions of Mindfulness and Their Relations with Psychological Well-Being and Neuroticism

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