Mindfulness improves verbal learning and memory through enhanced encoding

Lueke, Adam; Lueke, Niloufar

doi:10.3758/s13421-019-00947-z

Cited by 34 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 68 publications

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“…Further, these results confirm the framework of mindfulness and its links to specific forms of memory (Levi & Rosenstreich, 2019) that propose null relations between trait mindfulness and episodic memory, relative to other forms of memory (e.g., specificity of emotionally-laden or personally-salient autobiographical memories). Our nonsignificant findings for episodic memory and verbal fluency also support another theory that MBIs may not assist with the storage and recall phases of verbal learning (Lueke & Lueke, 2019). Conversely, these results are discrepant from a recent qualitative review showing a salutary effect of MBSR and MBCT on verbal fluency (Hazlett-Stevens, Singer, & Chong, 2019); however, the review focused on older adults and verbal fluency was assessed solely with the controlled oral word association test.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 44%

Mindfulness Enhances Cognitive Functioning: A Meta-Analysis of 111 Randomized Controlled Trials

Zainal¹,

Newman²

2020

Preprint

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Background: The past 30 years have witnessed growing scientific interest regarding the impact of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) on cognitive functions. Several theories propose that habitually exercising mindfulness skills can improve cognitive abilities, but no comprehensive quantitative reviews of the effect of MBIs on global and unique cognitive domains exist to date. Method: This systematic review thus examined the effects of MBI on global cognitive ability (GCA) and 16 specific cognitive domains. MBI randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that administered cognitive tests pre- and post-treatment were included. Open-trials, non-randomized MBIs, and case-control studies were excluded. Keywords included “mindful*,” AND “executive attention (EA),” OR “working memory (WM).” Robust variance estimation and moderator analyses were conducted. Results: Ninety-five RCTs (n = 7,408) met eligibility criteria. MBI (vs. waitlist or no-treatment) had small-to-moderate significant effects on GCA, WM accuracy, inhibition accuracy and latency, EA, sustained attention accuracy, processing speed, and subjective attentional control (SAC) (g = 0.24 – 0.52). Likewise, MBI (vs. active control) had small-to-moderate positive effects on GCA, orienting, EA, WM accuracy, sustained attention (indexed by intra-individual coefficient of variation), and SAC (average g = 0.17 – 0.41). Age, gender, study quality, treatment duration, publication year, retention, statistical analysis, and country, moderated some treatment effects. Publication bias analyses showed that reliable treatment effects were restricted to EA, WM accuracy, inhibition accuracy, sustained attention, and SAC, depending on the control group. Conclusion: MBIs confer notable neuropsychological benefits and dose-response effects on some specific (vs. global) cognitive domains. Limitations, theoretical, and applied implications are discussed. (Note: This paper has not been peer reviewed. Please do not copy or cite without author's permission.)

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 44%

Mindfulness Enhances Cognitive Functioning: A Meta-Analysis of 111 Randomized Controlled Trials

Zainal¹,

Newman²

2020

Preprint

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“…Brief meditation training improves visuospatial processing and executive functioning 46 . In addition, MBSR is effective for delayed recall as well as verbal learning 30,47 . Furthermore, brief mindfulness meditation improves attention, even in novices 48 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness Intervention Improves Cognitive Function in Older Adults by Enhancing the Level of miRNA-29c in Neuron-Derived Exosomes

Hashizume

Nakano

Kubota

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Although mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) improves cognitive function, the mechanism is not clear. In this study, people aged 65 years and older were recruited from elderly communities in Chitose City, Japan, and assigned to the non-MBSR group or MBSR group. In the MBSR group, the program was performed three times a week for 4 weeks. After the intervention, the score of Japanese version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-J) as well as the expression of microRNA (miR)-29c in neuron-derived exosomes (NDEs) in blood was significantly increased in the MBSR group, compared to the non-MBSR group. Analysis of miR-29c target genes showed that the expression of DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha (DNMT3A), DNA methyltransferase 3 beta (DNMT3B), and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) in NDEs was significantly decreased in the MBSR group. We also found that intracerebroventricular injection of a miR-29c mimic into 5xFAD mice prevented cognitive decline as well as neuronal loss in the subiculum area by down-regulating DNMT3A and STAT3 in the hippocampus. The results of the present study suggest that MBSR can prevent neuronal loss and cognitive impairment in elderly people by increasing the neuronal expression of miR-29c.

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“…The modified AVLT included three auditory verbal learning test-immediate recalls (AVLT-IR), two auditory-verbal learning test-delayed recalls (AVLT-DR) and one delayed recognition ( Guo et al, 2009 ). The AVLT-IRs are associated with encoding, while the last AVLT-DR is associated with consolidation and retrieval ( Delis et al, 1991 ; Lueke and Lueke, 2019 ). Two aMCI subjects failed to perform some of tests due to subjective unwillingness or vision deterioration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateralized Contributions of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Network to Episodic Memory Deficits in Subjects With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

Chen

Liu

et al. 2021

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Both episodic memory and executive function are impaired in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) subjects, but it is unclear if these impairments are independent or interactive. The present study aimed to explore the relationship between episodic memory deficits and executive function deficits, and the underlying functional mechanisms in aMCI subjects. Thirty-one aMCI subjects and 27 healthy subjects underwent neuropsychological tests and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Hippocampal networks and medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) networks were identified based on resting-sate functional MRI (fMRI) data. AMCI subjects displayed lower episodic memory scores and executive function scores than control subjects, and the episodic memory scores were positively correlated with the executive function scores in aMCI subjects. Brain network analyses showed an interaction between the hippocampal networks and the MPFC networks, and the interaction was significantly associated with the episodic memory scores and the executive function scores. Notably, aMCI subjects displayed higher functional connectivity (FC) of the right hippocampal network with the right prefrontal cortex than did control subjects, but this difference disappeared when controlling for the MPFC networks. Furthermore, the effects of the MPFC networks on the hippocampal networks were significantly associated with the episodic memory scores in aMCI subjects. The present findings suggested that the episodic memory deficits in aMCI subjects could be partially underpinned by the modulation of the MPFC networks on the hippocampal networks.

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Mindfulness improves verbal learning and memory through enhanced encoding

Cited by 34 publications

References 68 publications

Mindfulness Enhances Cognitive Functioning: A Meta-Analysis of 111 Randomized Controlled Trials

Mindfulness Enhances Cognitive Functioning: A Meta-Analysis of 111 Randomized Controlled Trials

Mindfulness Intervention Improves Cognitive Function in Older Adults by Enhancing the Level of miRNA-29c in Neuron-Derived Exosomes

Lateralized Contributions of Medial Prefrontal Cortex Network to Episodic Memory Deficits in Subjects With Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment

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