Mindfulness Meditation for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Wahbeh, Helané

doi:10.1002/9781118294895.ch39

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…Mindfulness meditation (MM) may help patients observe and regulate strong emotions that can arise in trauma‐focused therapies (Vujanovic, Niles, Pietrefesa, Potter, & Schmertz, ) and seem feasible and potentially beneficial for people with PTSD (Kearney, McDermott, Malte, Martinez, & Simpson, ; Wahbeh, ). A systematic review of complementary and alternative medicine for PTSD found positive evidence for meditation (Wahbeh, Senders, Neuendorf, & Cayton, ).…”

Section: Potential Pathway 1: Autonomic Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Pathways of Mindfulness Meditation in Combat Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

et al. 2016

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Objective This study’s objective was to evaluate the effect of two common components of meditation (mindfulness and slow breathing) on potential mechanistic pathways. Methods 102 combat veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were randomized to: 1) the body scan mindfulness meditation (MM), 2) slow breathing (SB) with a biofeedback device, 3) mindful awareness of the breath with an intention to slow the breath (MM+SB), or 4) sitting quietly (SQ). Participants had six weekly one-on-one sessions with 20 minutes of daily home practice. The mechanistic pathways and measures were: 1) Autonomic Nervous System: hyperarousal symptoms, heart-rate (HR), heart-rate variability (HRV); 2) Frontal Cortex Activity: Attentional Network Task (ANT) conflict effect and event-related negativity, and intrusive thoughts; and 3) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis: awakening cortisol. PTSD measures were also evaluated. Results Meditation participants had significant but modest within-group improvement in PTSD and related symptoms although there were no between-group effects. Perceived impression of PTSD symptom improvement was greater in the meditation arms compared to controls. Resting respiration decreased in the meditation arms compared to SQ. For the mechanistic pathways 1) Subjective hyperarousal symptoms improved within-group (but not between-group) for MM, MM+SB, and SQ while HR and HRV did not; 2) Intrusive thoughts decreased in MM compared to MM+SB and SB while the ANT measures did not change; and 3) MM had lower awakening cortisol within-group but not between-group. Conclusion Treatment effects were mostly specific to self-report rather than physiological measures. Continued research is needed to further evaluate mindfulness meditation’s mechanism in people with PTSD.

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Section: Potential Pathway 1: Autonomic Nervous Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanistic Pathways of Mindfulness Meditation in Combat Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

et al. 2016

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“…Sharing in public is aversive to many people especially those with sensitive diagnoses like posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or depression. While MMI may help improve PTSD symptoms [17,18], the group format could be problematic for people with PTSD because they prefer individual therapy and are less willing to attend group sessions [19]. Attrition rates are as high as 50% for people with PTSD in group MMI [20].…”

Section: Group Mindfulness Meditation Interventions (Mmi)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Group, One-on-One, or Internet? Preferences for Mindfulness Meditation Delivery Format and their Predictors

Wahbeh

Svalina

Oken

2014

MEDJ

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Objectives-Group mindfulness meditation interventions have improved symptoms in many health conditions. However, many people are unwilling to receive group treatment, so alternative delivery methods such as individual and internet may be a useful option. The study objective was to examine mindfulness meditation intervention delivery format preferences and their relationship to potential predictors.Design-An online survey was conducted of adult English speakers. Data was collected on interest and preference for internet, individual, or group formats of a mindfulness meditation intervention. Age, gender, personality, and posttraumatic stress disorder score and status and depression status were also collected.Results and Conclusions-500 eligible participants completed the survey (mean age 39±15; range 18-70; 68% female). Participants were more interested in the Internet (n=356) and individual formats (n=384) than the group format (n=245). Fifty-five participants (11%) said they would refuse a group format. Internet was the first choice format for most participants (Internet 212 (43%), Individual 187 (38%), Group 97 (20%) and group was the last choice for most participants (Internet 140 (29%), Individual 70 (14%), Group 279 (57%)). Age, extraversion and emotional stability were significant in predicting first choice format. These results support the need for more research and implementation of alternative mindfulness meditation intervention delivery formats. Future research will incorporate additional predictors and include a broader range of participants.

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“…20 The mechanisms through which MBSR facilitates improvements in PTSD symptomatology and functional status have received limited study. 14,16,21,22 Qualitative studies can provide a rich understanding of the experiences of program participants and identify program processes that lead to beneficial outcomes. Only a few qualitative studies have evaluated the responses of individuals with PTSD to a mindfulness practice intervention among civilian women [23][24][25] and veterans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mindfulness-Based Processes of Healing for Veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

Schure

Simpson

Martinez

et al. 2018

The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine

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Mindfulness Meditation for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Cited by 6 publications

References 93 publications

Mechanistic Pathways of Mindfulness Meditation in Combat Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Mechanistic Pathways of Mindfulness Meditation in Combat Veterans With Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Group, One-on-One, or Internet? Preferences for Mindfulness Meditation Delivery Format and their Predictors

Mindfulness-Based Processes of Healing for Veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder

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