Mindfulness training reduces neuroticism over a 6-year longitudinal randomized control trial in Norwegian medical and psychology students

Hanley, Adam W.; Vibe, Michael de; Solhaug, Ida; Gonzalez-Pons, Kwynn M.; Garland, Eric L.

doi:10.1016/j.jrp.2019.103859

Cited by 32 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…Failing to do so might obscure our understanding of burnout and impede our ability to treat and prevent the syndrome. It is well established that personality traits, most notably neuroticism, can be changed as a result of therapy ( Roberts et al, 2017 ; Bleidorn et al, 2019 ; Hanley et al, 2019 ). Therapeutic action targeting neuroticism might help us combat burnout more effectively.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Burnout Primarily Linked to Work-Situated Factors? A Relative Weight Analytic Study

2021

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It has often been asserted that burnout is primarily linked to occupational-context factors, and only secondarily to individual-level (e.g., personality) and non-work (or general) factors. We evaluated the validity of this view by examining the links between burnout and an array of 22 work-situated (effort-reward imbalance, unreasonable work tasks, unnecessary work tasks, weekly working hours, job autonomy, skill development, performance feedback, and support in work life), work-unrelated (sentimental accomplishment, familial accomplishment, number of child[ren], leisure activities, residential satisfaction, environmental quality, security in daily life, and support in personal life), dispositional (neuroticism, sex, age, and physical condition), and intersecting (work–non-work conflict and non-work–work conflict) variables. The study involved schoolteachers from three different countries: France (N = 4,395), Spain (N = 611), and Switzerland (N = 514). Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory for Educators. Most of our predictors were assessed based on widely used measures (e.g., neuroticism was assessed with the NEO-Five Factor Inventory). In order to assess sentimental accomplishment and familial accomplishment, we created two self-reported measures, namely, the Sentimental Accomplishment Inventory (SAI; 9 items) and the Familial Accomplishment Inventory (FAI; 9 items). The SAI and the FAI both showed strong reliability and high factorial validity. Exploratory structural equation modeling bifactor analysis and Mokken scaling suggested that both instruments could be considered essentially unidimensional. The study results showed that neuroticism, job strain, skill development, security in daily life, and work–non-work conflict were consistently associated with burnout across the three samples. Sample-specific predictors of burnout included sex, age, unreasonable work tasks, weekly working hours, job autonomy, support in work life, sentimental accomplishment, leisure activities, support in personal life, and non-work–work conflict. Relative weight analysis indicated that neuroticism was the best predictor of burnout in each sample. Our findings suggest that burnout’s nomological network may not be primarily job-related. We conclude that the tendency to de-emphasize individual-level and non-work factors in burnout research is unwise. This tendency may constitute a roadblock in the development of effective interventional strategies. The implications of our findings for burnout’s conceptual status are discussed. The neuroticism-burnout link should be further examined in longitudinal studies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Burnout Primarily Linked to Work-Situated Factors? A Relative Weight Analytic Study

2021

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“…The intervention also benefited those with higher neuroticism scores by reducing their avoidance-focused coping and increasing social support-seeking behaviors. Similarly, another Norwegian study demonstrated that mindfulness training could decrease neuroticism of medical and psychology students and, remarkably, over an extended follow-up period of six years [ 34 ]. The direct impact of mindfulness-based practice on students’ mental health has been demonstrated, such as in Spain, where mindfulness exercises were shown to help reduce stress and anxiety caused by exams in Bachelor of Education students [ 35 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Psychological Distress and Well-Being among Students of Health Disciplines: The Importance of Academic Satisfaction

Franzén

Jermann

Ghisletta

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Background: Research on the mental health of students in health disciplines mainly focuses on psychological distress and nursing and medical students. This study aimed to investigate the psychological well-being and distress and related factors among undergraduate students training in eight different health-related tracks in Geneva, Switzerland. Methods: This cross-sectional study used established self-filled scales for anxiety, depression, stress, psychological well-being, and study satisfaction. Descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression analyses were applied. Results: In October 2019, out of 2835 invited students, 915 (32%) completed the survey. Lower academic satisfaction scores were strongly associated with depression (β = −0.26, p < 0.001), anxiety (β = −0.27, p < 0.001), and stress (β = −0.70, p < 0.001), while higher scores were associated with psychological well-being (β = 0.70, p < 0.001). Being female was strongly associated with anxiety and stress but not with depression or psychological well-being. Increased age was associated with enhanced psychological well-being. The nature of the academic training had a lesser impact on mental health and the academic year had none. Conclusion: Academic satisfaction strongly predicts depression, anxiety, stress, and psychological well-being. Training institutions should address the underlying factors that can improve students’ satisfaction with their studies while ensuring that they have access to psychosocial services that help them cope with mental distress and enhance their psychological well-being.

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“…Similarly, another Norwegian study demonstrated that mindfulness training could decrease neuroticism of medical and psychology students and, remarkably, over an extended follow-up period of six years [34]. The direct impact of mindfulness-based practice on students' mental health has been demonstrated, such as in Spain, where mindfulness exercises were shown to help reduce stress and anxiety caused by exams in Bachelor of Education students [35].…”

Section: Implications For Policy Practice and Researchmentioning

confidence: 94%

Psychological Distress and Well-Being Among Students of Health Disciplines: The Importance of Academic Satisfaction

Franzén

Jermann

Ghisletta

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Background Research on the mental health of students in health disciplines mainly focuses on psychological distress and nursing and medical students. This study aimed to investigate the psychological well-being and distress and related factors among undergraduate students training in eight different health-related tracks in Geneva, Switzerland. Methods This cross-sectional study used established self-filled scales for anxiety, depression, stress, psychological well-being, and study satisfaction. Descriptive statistics and hierarchical regression analyses were applied. Results In October 2019, out of 2835 invited students, 915 (32%) completed the survey. Lower academic satisfaction scores were strongly associated with depression (β=-.26, p<.001), anxiety (β=-.27, p<.001), and stress (β=-.70, p<.001), while higher scores with psychological well-being (β=.70, p<.001). Being female was strongly associated with anxiety and stress but not with depression or psychological well-being. Increased age was associated with enhanced psychological well-being. The nature of the academic training had a lesser impact on mental health and the academic year none. Conclusion Academic satisfaction strongly predicts depression, anxiety, stress, and psychological well-being. Training institutions should address the underlying factors that can improve students’ satisfaction with their studies while ensuring that they have access to psychosocial services that help them cope with mental distress and enhance their psychological well-being.

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Mindfulness training reduces neuroticism over a 6-year longitudinal randomized control trial in Norwegian medical and psychology students

Cited by 32 publications

References 50 publications

Is Burnout Primarily Linked to Work-Situated Factors? A Relative Weight Analytic Study

Is Burnout Primarily Linked to Work-Situated Factors? A Relative Weight Analytic Study

Psychological Distress and Well-Being among Students of Health Disciplines: The Importance of Academic Satisfaction

Psychological Distress and Well-Being Among Students of Health Disciplines: The Importance of Academic Satisfaction

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