Mineral Deficiencies of Milk and Congenital Malformations in the Rat

O’Dell, Boyd L.; Hardwick, B. C.; Reynolds, Genevieve

doi:10.1093/jn/73.2.151

Cited by 42 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The yolk sac vasculature, the first functional system to develop during embryogenesis, is essential for nutrition in early gestation. At birth, Cu deficient rat pups exhibit edema and subcutaneous hemorrhage indicating vessel defects [122]. Aneurisms are also common [72].…”

Section: Copper Deficiency and Pregnancy Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of copper on early development: Prenatal and postnatal considerations

et al. 2010

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Copper (Cu) is an essential nutrient whose requirement is increased during pregnancy and lactation. These represent times of critical growth and development, and the fetus and neonate are particularly vulnerable to deficiencies of this nutrient. Genetic mutations that predispose the offspring to inadequate stores of Cu can be life threatening as is observed in children with Menkes disease. During the last decade, severe Cu deficiency, once thought to be a rare condition, has been reported in the literature at an increasing frequency. Secondary Cu deficiencies can be induced by a variety of ways such as excessive zinc or iron intake, certain drugs, and bariatric surgery. Premature and low birth weight infants can be born with low Cu stores. A number of mechanisms can contribute to the teratogenicity of Cu including decreased activity of select cuproenzymes, increased oxidative stress, decreased nitric oxide availability, altered iron metabolism, abnormal extracellular matrix protein crosslinking, decreased angiogenesis and altered cell signaling among others. The brain, heart, and vessels as well as tissues such as lung, skin and hair, and systems including the skeletal, immune, and blood systems, are negatively affected by suboptimal Cu during development. Additionally, persistent structural, biochemical, and functional adverse effects in the offspring are noted even when Cu supplementation is initiated after birth, supporting the concept that adequate Cu nutriture during pregnancy and lactation is critical for normal development. Although Cu-containing IUDs are an effective method for increasing intrauterine Cu concentrations and for reducing the risk of pregnancy, high amounts of dietary Cu are not thought to represent a direct developmental risk.

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Section: Copper Deficiency and Pregnancy Outcomementioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of copper on early development: Prenatal and postnatal considerations

et al. 2010

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“…Other investigators reported se vere signs of Cu deficiency in rats fed milk-based diets [21][22][23][24]. However, no comparisons were conducted with other dietary protein sources.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Copper deficiency in rats: the effect of type of dietary protein.

Fields

Lewis

Lure

1993

Journal of the American College of Nutrition

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The present investigation was conducted to determine whether type of dietary protein can exacerbate the pathology induced by the combination of fructose feeding and copper (Cu) deficiency. Weanling male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned to three different groups differing in the nature of dietary protein. The proteins used were egg-white, casein or lactalbumin. All diets contained 62.5% carbohydrate as fructose and were low in Cu (0.6-0.72 microgram Cu/g diet). Although the lowest concentration of Cu was found in the livers of rats fed egg-white, the pathology associated with Cu deficiency was more severe in rats fed lactalbumin. The highest concentration of hepatic Cu was found in rats fed casein. The data show that the type of dietary protein can exacerbate signs associated with Cu deficiency. The concentrations of hepatic Cu do not reflect accurately the pathology associated with Cu deficiency.

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“…The lower concentration of collagen crosslinks in some bones of copper-deficient animals, combined with a decrease in osteoblastic activity (35,36). chickens (3: 4), dogs (36), and rats (37). chickens (3: 4), dogs (36), and rats (37).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Copper Deficiency on the Pyridinium Crosslinks of Mature Collagen in the Rat Skeleton and Cardiovascular System

Farquharson¹,

Duncan²,

Robins³

1989

Experimental Biology and Medicine

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The 3-hydroxypyridinium crosslinks of collagen were quantified in tissues of the skeleton and cardiovascular system of normal and copper-deficient rats. The copperdeficient rats used in this study displayed retarded growth, cardiac hypertrophy, anemia, and lowered liver copper concentrations. Quantification of the crosslinks by high performance liquid chromatography indicated that there were lower concentrations of collagen crosslinks in the hearts of copper-deficient animals, a finding that was manifest in both right and left ventricles. This was in contrast to the collagen of the aorta where no alteration in crosslink concentration was observed. The femoral diaphysis of copperdeficient rats also had lower amounts of collagen crosslinks than copper-supplemented animals, whereas crosslinking in the tibia1 diaphysis and articular cartilage was relatively unaffected by copper deficiency. These results are discussed with reference to the cardiac and skeletal abnormalities that occur in copper-deficient animals. [P.S.E.B.M. 1989[P.S.E.B.M. , Vol 1921 opper is a cofactor of the enzyme lysyl oxidase which is involved in the initiation and regula-

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Mineral Deficiencies of Milk and Congenital Malformations in the Rat

Cited by 42 publications

References 12 publications

Influence of copper on early development: Prenatal and postnatal considerations

Influence of copper on early development: Prenatal and postnatal considerations

Copper deficiency in rats: the effect of type of dietary protein.

The Effects of Copper Deficiency on the Pyridinium Crosslinks of Mature Collagen in the Rat Skeleton and Cardiovascular System

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