Mineral deposits of the Mesoproterozoic Midcontinent Rift system in the Lake Superior region – A space and time classification

Woodruff, Laurel G.; Schulz, Klaus J.; Nicholson, Suzanne W.; Dicken, Connie L.

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2020.103716

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…The Midcontinent Rift resulted from the collocation of lithospheric extension and the emplacement of a large volume of erupted lavas and associated intrusions between ca. 1109 and 1084 Ma (Cannon, 1992;Swanson-Hysell et al, 2019;Bleeker et al, 2020;Woodruff et al, 2020). The western arm of the rift extends from under Phanerozoic sedimentary cover in the Great Plains region to the Lake Superior region where rift-associated rocks are well exposed (Van Schmus and Hinze, 1985).…”

Section: Midcontinent Rift Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The late Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic Grenvillian orogeny and the assembly of Rodinia: Turning point in the tectonic evolution of Laurentia

Swanson‐Hysell

Rivers

Lee

2023

Laurentia: Turning Points in the Evolution of a Continent

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The amalgamation of Laurentia’s Archean provinces ca. 1830 Ma was followed by ~700 m.y. of accretionary orogenesis along its active southeastern margin, marked by subduction of oceanic lithosphere, formation of arcs and back-arcs, and episodic accretion. This prolonged period of active-margin tectonic processes, spanning the late Paleoproterozoic and Mesoproterozoic eras, resulted in major accretionary crustal growth and was terminated by closure of the Unimos Ocean (new name). Ocean closure was associated with rapid motion of Laurentia toward the equator and resulted in continental collision that led to profound reworking of much of the accreted Proterozoic crust during the ca. 1090–980 Ma Grenvillian orogeny. The Grenvillian orogeny resulted in formation of a large, hot, long-duration orogen with a substantial orogenic plateau that underwent extensional orogenic collapse before rejuvenation and formation of the Grenville Front tectonic zone. The Grenvillian orogeny also caused the termination and inversion of the Midcontinent Rift, which, had it continued, would likely have split Laurentia into distinct continental blocks. Voluminous mafic magmatic activity in the Midcontinent Rift ca. 1108–1090 Ma was contemporaneous with magmatism in the Southwestern Laurentia large igneous province. We discuss a potential link between prolonged subduction of oceanic lithosphere beneath southeast Laurentia in the Mesoproterozoic and the initiation of this voluminous mafic magmatism. In this hypothesis, subducted water in dense, hydrous Mg-silicates transported to the bottom of the upper mantle led to hydration and increased buoyancy, resulting in upwelling, decompression melting, and intraplate magmatism. Coeval collisional orogenesis in several continents, including Amazonia and Kalahari, ties the Grenvillian orogeny to the amalgamation of multiple Proterozoic continents in the supercontinent Rodinia. These orogenic events collectively constituted a major turning point in both Laurentian and global tectonics. The ensuing paleogeographic configuration, and that which followed during Rodinia’s extended breakup, set the stage for Earth system evolution through the Neoproterozoic Era.

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Section: Midcontinent Rift Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The late Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic Grenvillian orogeny and the assembly of Rodinia: Turning point in the tectonic evolution of Laurentia

Swanson‐Hysell

Rivers

Lee

2023

Laurentia: Turning Points in the Evolution of a Continent

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“…Most continental LIPs also host more minor formations that predate and postdate the main phase. These formations, often alkaline in composition and less well preserved for older LIPs, record magmatism over a time period up to ~10 Myr or occasionally even longer 160 . LIP eruption fluxes seem to vary by more than an order of magnitude across formations 150 .…”

Section: Tempomentioning

confidence: 99%

The life cycle of large igneous provinces

Black

Karlstrom

Mather

2021

Nat Rev Earth Environ

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“…Another consideration is whether a given LIP is a single short-term pulse (<1 Myr) or several short pulses distributed over a period of up to several tens of megayears. Both types of events are observed: the 201 Ma CAMP event associated with the opening of the Central Atlantic is an example of the former, and the 1115-1090 Ma Keweenawan (mid-continent rift) LIP of the Lake Superior region of North America is an example of the latter (Davies et al 2017;Woodruff et al 2020). Depending on the interpretational context for such events, it may be important to decide which is the most important pulse.…”

Section: Status Of the Current Lip Databasementioning

confidence: 99%

Large-scale Volcanism and the Heat Death of Terrestrial Worlds

Way¹,

Ernst²,

Scargle³

2022

Planet. Sci. J.

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Large-scale volcanism has played a critical role in the long-term habitability of Earth. Contrary to widely held belief, volcanism, rather than impactors, has had the greatest influence on and bears most of the responsibility for large-scale mass extinction events throughout Earth’s history. We examine the timing of large igneous provinces (LIPs) throughout Earth’s history to estimate the likelihood of nearly simultaneous events that could drive a planet into an extreme moist or runaway greenhouse, leading to the end of volatile cycling and causing the heat death of formerly temperate terrestrial worlds. In one approach, we make a conservative estimate of the rate at which sets of near-simultaneous LIPs (pairs, triplets, and quartets) occur in a random history statistically the same as Earth’s. We find that LIPs closer in time than 0.1–1 million yr are likely; significantly, this is less than the time over which terrestrial LIP environmental effects are known to persist. In another approach, we assess the cumulative effects with simulated time series consisting of randomly occurring LIP events with realistic time profiles. Both approaches support the conjecture that environmental impacts of LIPs, while narrowly avoiding grave effects on the climate history of Earth, could have been responsible for the heat death of our sister world Venus.

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Mineral deposits of the Mesoproterozoic Midcontinent Rift system in the Lake Superior region – A space and time classification

Cited by 25 publications

References 117 publications

The late Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic Grenvillian orogeny and the assembly of Rodinia: Turning point in the tectonic evolution of Laurentia

The late Mesoproterozoic to early Neoproterozoic Grenvillian orogeny and the assembly of Rodinia: Turning point in the tectonic evolution of Laurentia

The life cycle of large igneous provinces

Large-scale Volcanism and the Heat Death of Terrestrial Worlds

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