The Precambrian era
is called the first stage of the Earth history
and is considered the longest stage in the geological time scale.
Despite its duration, several of its environmental and chemical characteristics
are still being studied. It is an era of special relevance not only
for its duration but also because it is when a set of conditions gave
rise to the first organism. This pioneer organism has been proposed
to have been formed by a mineral and an organic part. A chemical element
suggested to have been part of the structure of this cell is iron.
However, what special characteristic does iron have with respect to
other chemical elements to be proposed as part of this first cell?
To answer this and other questions, it is indispensable to have a
model that will allow extrapolating the first chemical structures
of the pioneer organism formed in the Precambrian. In this context,
for several decades, in vitro structures chemically formed by silica-carbonates
have been synthetized, called biomorphs, because they could emulate
living organisms and might resemble primitive organisms. It has been
inferred that because biomorphs form structures with characteristic
morphologies, they could resemble the microfossils found in the cherts
of the Precambrian. Aiming at providing some insight on how iron contributed
to the formation of the chemical structures of the primitive organism,
we evaluated how iron contributes to the morphology and chemical–crystalline
structure during the synthesis of these compounds under different
conditions found in the primitive atmosphere. Experimentally, synthesis
of biomorphs was performed at four different atmospheric conditions
including UV light, nonionizing microwave radiation (NIR-mw), water
steam (WS), and CO
2
in the presence of Fe
2+
,
Fe
3+
, and Fe
2+
/Fe
3+
, obtaining 48
different conditions. The produced biomorphs were observed under scanning
electron microscopy (SEM). Afterward, their chemical composition and
crystalline structure were analyzed through Raman and IR spectroscopy.