Mineral fertilizers influence on the dynamics of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in corn area grown in the forest-steppe zone of Trans-Urals

Abstract

The research was carried out in order to establish the effect of mineral fertilizers on the nutrient’s dynamics in corn crops. The experiment was carried out from 2016 to 2018 in Zavodoukovsky district of the Tyumen region. The experimental scheme provided for the option without using mineral fertilizers and with the introduction of NPK for the planned yields from 4.0 to 6.0 t/ha of corn grain. In the experiment, a hybrid Obsky 140 was sown; the seeding rate was 70 thousand plants per hectare. It was found that the introduction of mineral fertilizers provides an increase in the content of nitrate nitrogen by 20-25 mg/kg of soil; mobile phosphorus by 9-48 mg/kg. The studies revealed that one kilogram of the active ingredient of nitrogen fertilizers increases the NO3 content in the soil by 0.17 mg/kg; a kilogram of phosphorus fertilizers in the active ingredient increases P2O5 by 0.30 mg/kg; a kilogram of potash fertilizers in the active ingredient increases K2O in the soil by 0.33 mg/kg. During the growing season of maize, the content of nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, and potassium in the soil in the control decreases to 5, 58, and 93 mg/kg, respectively. On fertilized options, the decrease in nitrate nitrogen and phosphorus is less – 12-14 and 59-69 mg/kg. Whereas potassium decreases more significantly – 69-92 mg/kg.

Genetic resistance of oat of West Siberian breeding to contrasting weather conditions and mineral nutrition level

“…The most interesting option remains with a very high agricultural background, where 200 kg of nitrogen and 80 kg of phosphorus were introduced. For Western Siberia, these are quite high doses and available only to large farms, for which the priority is not the economy, but the gross yield of grain, for example, livestock enterprises or poultry farms [12,13].…”

“…Leached chernozem, on which experiments with fertilizers were carried out, is characterized by a very low supply of nitrate nitrogen in the period from oat sowing to paniculationthe nitrate content in the arable layer does not exceed 8 mg/kg [12]. Therefore, grain crops on a natural agricultural background, without the introduction of mineral fertilizers, develop in conditions of nitrogen nutrition deficiency.…”

Formation of a stable yield of grain crops in various meteorological conditions in the northern forest-steppe of the Tyumen region

“…Up to 65% falls on the warm period from April to October (up to 40% falls in the spring and autumn, 42-49% in the summer months), which is a positive factor and only 35% falls on the cold period from November to March. These conditions are suitable for the cultivation of major crops [1][2][3][4].…”

The nature of organic carbon and total nitrogen distribution in the fractions of leached chernozem aggregates and gray soil in Western Siberia

“…Short summers and harsh winters require farmers to make quick decisions on growing crops and developing a farming system for them. The achievements of modern breeding, agrochemistry, and agriculture have ensured the advancement of agriculture to the north, where 100 years ago no one thought of cultivating grain crops, developing animal husbandry and poultry farming [6,7,8,9]. In digitalization era, it became possible to develop optimization models on a mathematical basis, which made it possible to increase the productivity of arable land with expanded fertility reproduction [10].…”