Mineral Nitrogen Effects of Hairy Vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) on Maize (Zea mays L.) by Green Manure Amounts

Babu

International Journal of Agronomy

et al. 2013

143

In the post independence period, the most important challenge in India has been to produce enough food for the growing population. Hence, high-yielding varieties are being used with infusion of irrigation water, fertilizers, or pesticides. This combination of high-yielding production technology has helped the country develop a food surplus as well as contributing to concerns of soil health, environmental pollution, pesticide toxicity, and sustainability of agricultural production. Scientists and policy planners are, therefore, reassessing agricultural practices which relied more on biological inputs rather than heavy usage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Organic farming can provide quality food without adversely affecting the soil’s health and the environment; however, a concern is whether large-scale organic farming will produce enough food for India’s large population. Certified organic products including all varieties of food products including basmati rice, pulses, honey, tea, spices, coffee, oilseeds, fruits, cereals, herbal medicines, and their value-added products are produced in India. Non edible organic products include cotton, garments, cosmetics, functional food products, body care products, and similar products. The production of these organic crops and products is reviewed with regard to sustainable agriculture in northern India.

Section: Effect Of Organic Nutrition On Crop Productivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Organic Farming for Sustainable Agriculture in Northern India

Babu

International Journal of Agronomy

et al. 2013

143

“…Compared to cowpea, maize was more affected, particularly when gliricidia leaves were used. Hairy vetch significantly boosted the amount of organic nitrogen in the soil, according to Seo and Lee [57]. With N rates exceeding 160 kg/ha, maize dry matter yields rose more in hairy vetch than in ammonium nitrate [58,59].…”

Section: Crop Productivity Affected By Organic Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review of Organic Farming for Sustainable Agriculture in India

Tiwari,

Roy,

Chouhan

et al. 2023

IJPSS

Producing enough food to feed the nation's expanding population has been India's biggest post-independence concern. Therefore, high-yielding cultivars are utilised in conjunction with irrigation water, fertilisers, or pesticides. All agricultural methods that uphold production in a way that is environmentally, socially, and economically sound are united by organic farming. Organic farming combines the following practises to ensure sustainable agriculture: crop rotation; soil-protecting technologies for planned chemical land reclamation; agro-technical methods to protect crops from weeds; preservation of agricultural and biological diversity at farms and its efficient utilisation; stabilisation of agro-landscapes through uniform system of field-protecting forest belts; facilitation of proper use and preservation of water resources; utilisation of renewable resources; harmonious balance between crop and animal production through integrated farming and utilisation of indigenous technical knowledge. Therefore, high-yielding cultivars are utilised in conjunction with irrigation water, fertilisers, or pesticides. This mix of high-yielding production technologies has contributed to soil health, environmental pollution, pesticide toxicity, and sustainable agricultural output, while also helping the nation create a food surplus. All types of certified organic food goods, such as cereals, fruits, oilseeds, honey, tea, spices, coffee, pulses, basmati rice, and their value-added products, are made in India. Cotton, clothing, makeup, functional foods, body care items, and other items of a similar nature are examples of non-edible organic products. India's sustainable agriculture is examined in relation to the production of various organic products and crops. In addition to improving the physical, chemical, and biological qualities of the soil, organic farming gives plants access to macro- and micronutrients.

“…In this study, thrips and predator O. niger were collected mainly from V. villosa. Vicia villosa (hairy vetch) is a wintery plant from the family Leguminosa, fixing the nitrogen from the soil (Bongsu and Daimon, 2008;Seo and Lee 2008;Anugroho et al 2009). This plant species is considered as a cover plant in the agroecosystem (Ruffo and Bollero, 2003;Brandseater et al 2008).…”

Section: Seasonal Mean Numbers Of Some Thrips Species and Orius Nigermentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Abundance of Thrips (Thysanoptera) and Predatory Bug, Orius Niger Wollf (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) on Weeds in an Okitsu Mandarin Grove

Atakan¹

2021

alinteri

Okitsu mandarin grove consists of 10 rows and 20 trees in each row. Four rows of the experimental area were left weedy during the study. During this time most of the weeds had the flowering stage, with different heights. In this study, a total of seven thrips species was determined. The most common and abundant sampled thrips species were Thrips tabaci Lindeman, Melanthrips spp. and Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), respectively. Thrips tabaci were mostly sampled from Vicia villosa as well as a predatory bug, Orius niger (Wolff, 1811) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae). Melanthrips species were sampled in high numbers on Sinapis arvensis. Frankliniellla occidentalis was found abundantly on Melilotus officinalis. Sinapis arvensis on which Melanthrips species are the most abundant, hosted relatively low numbers of F. occidentalis and T. tabaci indicating Melanthrips species compete well with other two harmful thrips species on this plant. This study suggests that it can be useful to allow the weeds with yellow-and multi-flowered as well as V. villosa to grow in groves without any precautionary measures against weeds. Besides, these weeds may play a role as trap plants for thrips and banker plants for predators mainly Orius species.