Mineral Nutrition and the Balance of Life

Gilbert, Frank A.

doi:10.1097/00010694-195805000-00027

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Scothmd and Norway declined in the 1930"s, Seaweed was once a major commercial source of iodine, but evidently during the process of burning it significant anaounts were lost to the atmosphere. Gilbert (1957) calculated that from 20 tons of dry kelp 224 lbs of iodine should be obtained. Only half this amount was usually recovered with a large quantity of the remainder being lost to the atmosphere.…”

Section: Sources (Not Directly Marine) That Contribute Iodine To the mentioning

confidence: 99%

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The geochemistry of iodine — a review

Fuge

Johnson

1986

Environ Geochem Health

379

255

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Iodine has long been recognised as an important element environmentally. Despite this there are many gaps in our knowledge of its geochemistry and even where information is available much of this is based on old data which, in the light of recent data, are suspect.Iodine forms few independent minerals and is unlikely to enter most rock-forming minerals. In igneous rocks its concentration is fairly uniform and averages 0.24 mg/kg. Sedimentary rocks tend to have higher concentrations with average iodine contents of:-recent sediments 5-200 mg/kg, carbonates 2.7 mg/kg, shales 2.3 mg/kg and sandstones 0.8 mg/kg. Organic-rich sediments are particularly enriched in iodine.Soils, generally, are much richer in iodine than the parent rocks with the actual level being decided mainly by soil type and locality. Little soil iodine is water-soluble and much iodine is thought to be associated with organic matter, clays and aluminium and iron oxides. Most iodine in soils is derived from the atmosphere where, in turn, it has been derived from the oceans. Seawater has a mean iodine content of 58 μg/L, while non-saline surface waters have lower and very variable levels. Subsurface brines and mineral waters are generally strongly enriched in iodine.Marine plants are frequently enriched in iodine while terrestrial plants have generally low contents. Iodine is essential for all mammals.Consideration of the geochemical cycle of iodine reveals that its transfer from the oceans to the atmosphere is probably the most important process in its geochemistry.

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Section: Sources (Not Directly Marine) That Contribute Iodine To the mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The principal manifestation of this disorder in humans is an enlargement of the thyroid gland at the base of the neck. Detailed accounts of the history of goitre and its causes and cures are given by Gilbert (1957), Gillie (1971). Underwood (1971) and Davidson et al 11975).…”

Section: Iodine In Human Heahhmentioning

confidence: 99%

The geochemistry of iodine — a review

Fuge

Johnson

1986

Environ Geochem Health

379

255

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Salt iodizaton, food supplementation and dietary diversification are some of the IDD control measures suggested by researchers (De Maeyer et al 1979;Dunn & Vander Haar 1990). Though the use of iodinized salt has been found effective among the goitre patients (Gilbert 1947) however, its usage, however is no longer prevalent as it was in the past (Spencer 1970). Systematic distribution of iodinized salts as against its random distribution of 1993 (FBFI 1996) by the government and other international agencies (i.e., UNICEF, WHO etc.)…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Iodine Deficiency and Goitre Incidence in Parts of Yewa Area of Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria

Gbadebo

Oyesanya

2005

Environ Geochem Health

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This study was carried out to determine the occurrence, prevalence and contributing factors to the incidence of goitre in Yewa north local government area of Ogun state, southwestern Nigeria. To achieve these objectives, soil, water, and cassava tubers were collected from four villages -- Igbogila, Egua, Sawonjo and Imoto and from Lagos (about 250 m to the ocean) as a reference location, in order to determine their iodine concentrations. The results of the analyses indicated a soil mean iodine range of 2.1-5.8 microg g(-1); a cassava mean iodine value of 2.3-3.5 mug g(-1) and a drinking water mean iodine value of generally <1.0 microg L(-1) in all the four villages. These values of iodine in soil and water of the four villages are considered low when compared with the soil iodine value of 7.4 microg g(-1) and water iodine value of 6.1 microg L(-1) obtained from Lagos. The limestone unit of the study area remains an inhibiting factor in the bioavailability of the iodine because of its alkalinity. Statistical analysis has shown that there was significant difference between iodine concentration in the soils and the drinking water, and a correlation between the soil iodine and organic matter content at p < 0.05. The correlation between soil iodine and granulometric fractions occurred at p < 0.01. Potential goitrogens in the commonly consumed cassava products might also have contributed to the prevalence of goitre in the study area. Both the females and the adults (i.e., less mobile groups) were found to be vulnerable to goitre development in these villages.

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“…Food reserves of planting stock central Rocky Mountains where shade-tolerant were therefore analyzed to determine whether spruces were exposed to full sunlight under nitrogen content of chlorotic and non-chlorotic several growing conditions (Ronco 1967). Severe differed, even though chlorosis was chlorosis developed in potted and planted spruce present only in unshaded spruce seedlings and seedlings grown at 500-3 elevation where light the plants did not exhibit premature defoliation intensities can exceed 16 000 ft-c; but even at commonly associated with mineral deficiency lower elevations where light is less intense, potted (Gilbert 1957). seedlings became ~h l o r~t i c .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlorosis of planted Engelmann spruce seedlings unrelated to nitrogen content

Ronco¹

1970

Can. J. Bot.

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Shade-tolerant Engelmann spruce (Picea engelmannii Parry) seedlings generally became chlorotic when exposed to direct sunlight under several different growing conditions, whether grown in pots, in plantations, or in transplant beds at high or low elevations. Shaded seedlings under the same growing conditions remained a normal green color. Chlorosis was attributed to solarization, not to nitrogen deficiency. That conclusion was supported by the fact that the nitrogen content of shaded and unshaded seedlings was similar regardless of the growing conditions.

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Mineral Nutrition and the Balance of Life

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

The geochemistry of iodine — a review

The geochemistry of iodine — a review

Assessment of Iodine Deficiency and Goitre Incidence in Parts of Yewa Area of Ogun State, Southwestern Nigeria

Chlorosis of planted Engelmann spruce seedlings unrelated to nitrogen content

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