Mineral nutrition of <i>campos rupestres</i> plant species on contrasting nutrient‐impoverished soil types

Oliveira, Rafael S.; Galvão, Hugo C.; Campos, Mariana; Eller, Cleiton B.; Pearse, Stuart J.; Lambers, Hans

doi:10.1111/nph.13175

Cited by 164 publications

(154 citation statements)

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“…where either N or P limit plant productivity), and also in other old, climaticallybuffered, infertile landscapes, such as the campos rupestres of Brazil (Oliveira et al 2015;Silveira et al 2016), South America's Pantepui (Hopper 2009), and (Teste et al 2016). This is a reanalysis of data from Teste et al (2016).…”

Section: Facilitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…using two complementary strategies, but a matter of using cluster roots for effective nutrient acquisition and mycorrhizas for defence against pathogens. Future studies should test the generality of the new hypotheses proposed in this review by using other nutrient-acquisition strategies and other nutrient-poor, highly diverse ecosystems, such as the fynbos in South Africa, tropical rainforests in South America and Asia (Myers et al 2000), campos rupestres in Brazil (Oliveira et al 2015;Silveira et al 2016) or the pampas grasslands in southern South America (Hopper et al 2016;Sainz Rozas et al 2012). These future studies will not only enhance our understanding of the functioning of biodiversity hotspots, but also underpin management strategies to conserve or restore megadiverse ecosystems.…”

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several global biodiversity hotspots (Myers et al 2000) contain P-impoverished soils, e.g., Southwest Australia, Cape Floristic Province in South Africa (McArthur 1991;Witkowski and Mitchell 1987;Cowling et al 1996b), and campos rupestres in Central Brazil (Oliveira et al 2015;Silveira et al 2016). In these biodiversity hotspots, soil produced in old, climaticallybuffered landscapes (OCBILs) has undergone little rejuvenation over geological time scales (Hopper 2009), and the plant species in the communities have evolved a suite of adaptations to those P-impoverished conditions .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems

et al. 2017

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Background Mycorrhizal strategies are very effective in enhancing plant acquisition of poorly-mobile nutrients, particularly phosphorus (P) from infertile soil. However, on very old and severely P-impoverished soils, a carboxylate-releasing and P-mobilising cluster-root strategy is more effective at acquiring this growthlimiting resource. Carboxylates are released during a period of only a few days from ephemeral cluster roots. Despite the cluster-root strategy being superior for P acquisition in such environments, these species coexist with a wide range of mycorrhizal species, raising questions about the mechanisms contributing to their coexistence. Scope We surmise that the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal strategies is primarily accounted for by a combination of belowground mechanisms, namely (i) facilitation of P acquisition by mycorrhizal plants from neighbouring cluster-rooted plants, and (ii) interactions between roots, pathogens and mycorrhizal fungi, which enhance the plants' defence against pathogens. Facilitation of nutrient acquisition by clusterrooted plants involves carboxylate exudation, making more P available for both themselves and their mycorrhizal neighbours. Belowground nutrient exchanges between carboxylate-exuding plants and mycorrhizal N 2 -fixing plants appear likely, but require further experimental testing to determine their nutritional and ecological relevance. Anatomical studies of roots of clusterrooted Proteaceae species show that they do not form a complete suberised exodermis. Conclusions The absence of an exodermis may well be important to rapidly release carboxylates, but likely lowers root structural defences against pathogens, Plant Soil (2018) particularly oomycetes. Conversely, roots of mycorrhizal plants may not be as effective at acquiring P when P availability is very low, but they are better defended against pathogens, and this superior defence likely involves mycorrhizal fungi. Taken together, we are beginning to understand how an exceptionally large number of plant species and P-acquisition strategies coexist on the most severely P-impoverished soils.

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Section: Facilitationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Perspectivesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How belowground interactions contribute to the coexistence of mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal species in severely phosphorus-impoverished hyperdiverse ecosystems

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“…These are referred to as the 'Brassicaceae type' [3], after a well-known non-mycorrhizal family. Conversely, on the world's most P-impoverished soils such as the sandplains in south-western Australia [4], the Cape Floristic Region in South Africa [4], and the campos rupestres in Brazil [5], non-mycorrhizal species are also very common. In south-western Australia, their frequency increases with decreasing soil P concentration [6].…”

Section: Strategies Of Phosphorus Acquisition In Mycorrhizal and Non-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Where investigated, leaves of these non-mycorrhizal carboxylate-releasing plants have high concentrations of manganese, because the carboxylates also mobilise this micronutrient [22]. Using leaf manganese concentrations as a proxy for whether a species uses carboxylates to mobilise P indicates that this strategy is quite common on soils where soil P availability is very low [5,23]. …”

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confidence: 99%

Plant adaptations to severely phosphorus-impoverished soils

Lambers

Martinoia

Renton

2015

Current Opinion in Plant Biology

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Mycorrhizas play a pivotal role in phosphorus (P) acquisition of plant roots, by enhancing the soil volume that can be explored. Non-mycorrhizal plant species typically occur either in relatively fertile soil or on soil with a very low P availability, where there is insufficient P in the soil solution for mycorrhizal hyphae to be effective. Soils with a very low P availability are either old and severely weathered or relatively young with high concentrations of oxides and hydroxides of aluminium and iron that sorb P. In such soils, cluster roots and other specialised roots that release P-mobilising carboxylates are more effective than mycorrhizas. Cluster roots are ephemeral structures that release carboxylates in an exudative burst. The carboxylates mobilise sparingly-available sources of soil P. The relative investment of biomass in cluster roots and the amount of carboxylates that are released during the exudative burst differ between species on severely weathered soils with a low total P concentration and species on young soils with high total P concentrations but low P availability. Taking a modelling approach, we explore how the optimal cluster-root strategy depends on soil characteristics, thus offering insights for plant breeders interested in developing crop plants with optimal cluster-root strategies. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi. 2015.04.002 Posted at the Zurich Open Repository and Archive, University of Zurich ZORA URL: https://doi.org/10.5167/uzh-121418 Accepted Version Originally published at: Lambers, Hans; Martinoia, Enrico; Renton, Michael (2015). Plant adaptations to severely phosphorusimpoverished soils. Current Opinion in Plant Biology,[25][26][27][28][29][30][31] AbstractMycorrhizas play a pivotal role in phosphorus (P) acquisition of plant roots, by enhancing the soil volume that can be explored. Non-mycorrhizal plant species typically occur either in relatively fertile soil or on soil with a very low P availability, where there is insufficient P in the soil solution for mycorrhizal hyphae to be effective. Soils with a very low P availability are either old and severely weathered or relatively young with high concentrations of oxides and hydroxides of aluminium and iron that sorb P. In such soils, cluster roots and other specialised roots that release P-mobilising carboxylates are more effective than mycorrhizas. Cluster roots are ephemeral structures that release carboxylates in an exudative burst. The carboxylates mobilise sparingly-available sources of soil P. The relative investment of biomass in cluster roots and the amount of carboxylates that are released during the exudative burst differ between species on severely weathered soils with a low total P concentration and species on young soils with high total P concentrations but low P availability. Taking a modelling approach, we explore how the optimal cluster-root strategy depends on soil characteristics, thus offering insights for plant breeders interested in developing crop plants with optimal cluster-root strat...

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