Mineral Oil Immersion Cooling of Lithium-Ion Batteries: An Experimental Investigation

Abstract

Effective thermal management of high power density batteries is essential for battery performance, life, and safety. This paper experimentally investigates direct mineral oil jet impingement cooling of the Lithium-Ion (Li-ion) battery pack. For the first time, experimental results of mineral oil-based cooling of batteries are reported. Both charging and discharging characteristics on temperature uniformity and of a Li-ion pack are considered. Temperature uniformity among cells, as well as within individual cells, is experimentally measured. As a baseline, cooling of the battery pack by free-convective airflow is also reported. Two different jetting configurations: (a) submerged jet and (b) direct-jet impingement are considered. For the highest charge-discharge rates considered (2C charge and 3C discharge), mineral oil nearly maintains uniform skin temperature among the cells (less than 1 °C) as well as within the cell. Based on the results obtained, modular jet oil cooling is an excellent cooling solution of lithium-ion packs applicable to stationary electrical storage and transportation applications.

Thermal performance of serpentine channel immersion cooling for lithium-ion battery 18650 with HFE-7100

“…One of the best dielectric fluid candidates for DFIC systems is hydrofluoroethers. Liquids have been used in power electronics immersion cooling, but their scope of application has expanded to BTMS [17][18][19][20]. Due to its suitable operating temperature range, extended lifespan, high material compatibility, low weight, low viscosity, and sustainability, hydrofluoroether is an excellent liquid for immersion cooling [21].…”

A Novel Experimental Technique for Use in Fast Parameterisation of Equivalent Circuit Models for Lithium-Ion Batteries

“…The consequence is inaccuracies between the setpoint and cell temperature. Direct immersion temperature control is another method which typically involves submerging a cell inside a dielectric fluid such as a mineral oil [29,30]. Direct liquid immersion drastically enhances cooling rates, compared to forced air convection [31], but there is still a significant lag in the performance of the thermal control for the test cell because the immersion fluid may only be heated or cooled to the desired temperature at a certain (slow) rate.…”

Validation of a data-driven fast numerical model to simulate the immersion cooling of a lithium-ion battery pack

“…[7] assess the performances of a newly developed cooling system, a thermoelectric cooler, by comparing it against natural and forced convection cooling using the same facility. [8] also assess capabilities of their innovative oil impingement cooling technique. The reference [9] provides experimental measurements of temperature for the case of heated batteries immersed in a fluid, under different cooling regimes.…”

“…Only a few references perform temperature measurements while alternating charge, discharge, and rest cycles at different rates. In [3,8] the temperature evolution the cells are investigated during such cycles.…”