Mineral Paragenesis, formation stages and trace elements in sulfides of the Olympiada gold deposit (Yenisei Ridge, Russia)

Silyanov, Sergey A.; Sazonov, A. M.; Naumov, E.A.; Lobastov, Boris M.; Zvyagina, Yelena A.; Artemyev, Dmitry A.; Некрасова, Наталья Александровна; Pirajno, Franco

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2022.104750

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…Considering their trivalent charge and similar ionic radii, REEs naturally occur together in the geosphere not individually like gold or copper, but as either minor or major constituents (USGS,2014). However, despite being genetically associated with a wide range of minerals in the paragenetic sense (Silyanov, et al, 2022), economically important sources of REE minerals are bastnaesite, monazite, loparite, and through lateritic ion-adsorption clays. Consequently, there are over 250 minerals which contain REEs as vital constituents in their chemical formula and crystal structure (Dostal, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rare Erath Elements: Their Geological Sources and the Potential of Organosulfonic Acids For Rare Earth Elements Leaching from Coal Ash and Process Optimization

Miadonye,

Amadu

2023

Preprint

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The orbital elactronic structure of Rare Earth Elements (REEs) contains many unpaired electrons which render them capable of storing large amount of magnetic energy in addition to being critical for hitech applications. Geological deposits are their conventional sources, and the current supply chain relies on production from these deposits. However, given their critical roles in the anticipated global energy transition, there is the need to explore other viable sources to supplement current and future supplies chains. REEs occur in coal as accessory minerals and their concentration in coal ash to levels that rival those of geological deposits has been estab;ished by sophisticated analytical chemical methods. Conmventional hydrometallurgical processes rely on acid leaching, using tioxic mineral acids. Meanwhile, organosulfonic acids have pKa values that rival those of conventional minerals acid and can, therefore, be used in hydrometallurgy but their uses in this regard are not well documented in the literature. In this extensive review, we have covered geological sources of REEs exaustively in addition to showing the potential of organosulfonic acids as environmentally benign lixiviants for REEs extraction from coal ash. We have also shown how process optimization can be achieved using advance technologies while using organisulfonic acids. Moreover, we have shown current and future global market trends regarding the production of select organosulfonic acids, and the anticipated global increase in their production motivates the use of organosulfonic acids as viable lixiviants for REEs extraction from caol ash deposits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%