Mineral phases in iron ore sinters produced with oak sawdust substitute fuel

Mežibrický, Roland; Fröhlichová, Mária

doi:10.2298/jmmb160923010m

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Due to lack of thermodynamic data, kirschsteinite was used instead of iron-calcium olivine for the heat reaction calculation. Equation (9) is in agreement with the formation of phases in penetrated areas observed in other studies [46,47]. In both cases, melt penetration was exothermic in character due to the formation of (iron-)calcium silicates.…”

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confidence: 89%

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Ore Assimilation and Secondary Phases by Sintering of Rich and High-Gangue Iron Ores

et al. 2019

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During the iron ore sintering process, two types of particles are present in the sinter bed: (1) fines, which are actively taking part in melting and the formation of secondary phases, and (2) coarse ores, which are partially interacting with the surrounding melt. The quality of the final sinter is particularly determined by the secondary phases and their bonding ability. Due to chemical differences between the fines and coarse particles, knowing the overall chemical composition of the sintering blend is not sufficient to estimate the final sinter microstructure. In this study, different ore types were used to prepare iron-rich, high-alumina, and high-silica blends, which were sintered in a laboratory sinter pot to investigate the behavior of fine as well as coarse particles. As a result, very different sinter matrices formed depending on the useful basicity in each sinter. The density, mineral nature, and the gangue of the ore affected coarse ore assimilation.

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confidence: 89%

“…By blending coarser limestone or dolomite, the useful basicity decreases and more iron-calcium silicates form in the matrix, as presented in the earlier study [47].…”

Section: Some Implications For the Commercial Sinteringmentioning

confidence: 54%

Ore Assimilation and Secondary Phases by Sintering of Rich and High-Gangue Iron Ores

et al. 2019

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“…PM-F: an iron-rich mixture; PM-A: a high-alumina mixture (PM-A); PM-S: a high-silica mixture. Note that the composition of the PM-S mixture differs slightly from the range presented in the work by Mežibrický and Fröhlichová [25]. Preliminary reactivity testing of the mixtures revealed that no calcium ferrites could be synthesized at low basicity (CaO/SiO 2 ratio by weight).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Sfca Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…The compositions of the starting mixtures were chosen so that they corresponded to the chemical compositions of the Ca 2 (Ca,Fe,Mg,Al) 6 (Fe,Si,Al) 6 O 20 type ferrites, which are frequently found in iron ore sinters. Three different mixtures were prepared: (i) an iron-rich mixture (PM-F) [23]; (ii) a high-alumina mixture (PM-A) [24]; and (iii) a high-silica mixture (PM-S) [25]. The respective mixing ratios of the raw materials are given in Table 2.…”

Section: Synthesis Of Sfca Crystalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Mechanical Testing of Calcium Aluminosilicoferrite Crystals with High Alumina Content

Mežibrický

Csanádi

Habler

et al. 2019

Metals

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Due to the gradual shift to less rich iron ores, the alumina content in the raw materials used for iron-making is progressively increasing, affecting the mineralogy and the properties of iron ore sinters. In this context, the effect of Al content on the mechanical properties of calcium aluminosilicoferrites Ca2(Ca,Mg,Fe)6(Fe,Si,Al)6O20 (SFCA), which is the most important bonding phase in iron ore sinters, is of particular interest. In this study, high-alumina calcium aluminosilicoferrites were synthesized and their mechanical properties were determined by nanoindentation using a cube-corner indenter. For synthesis, different raw materials were taken as proxies for the adhering layer in a sinter granule. Three mixtures were prepared, high-iron, high-silica, and high-alumina and heated in an alumina crucible, which was used to simulate the high-alumina nucleus in a granule. The different raw materials used for synthesis had only minor influence on the compositions of the synthesized ferrites. All ferrites showed similar mechanical behavior during indentation, indicating that neither the chemical nor the mechanical properties were affected by the different compositions of the adhering layer, when the sinter granule is dominated by a high-alumina nucleus. The crystallographic orientation of the tested grains had only minor influence on the results of the nanoindentation experiments.

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“…Figure 1 shows the operation of a blast furnace, idealized from the perspective of the presence of iron oxides. In the real-world process, the amount of iron oxide cannot be accurately determined due to variations in batch quality [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Fuel Rate Minimization Model 31 Reduction Of Iron Oxidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Support algorithm for blast furnace operation with optimal fuel consumption

Bernasowski

Klimczyk

Stachura

2019

J min metall B Metall

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Fuel consumption in blast furnaces depends on many factors that are mainly conditioned by the technological level of a given blast furnace, the steel mill in which it operates, and the type and quality of ferrous feed, coke, and additional reducing agents. These are global factors which a furnace crew cannot control during operation. On the other hand, using their own experience and decision-making software, a crew can run a blast furnace with minimal fuel consumption under current batch and process conditions. The paper presents a model-based algorithm for optimizing the operation of blast furnaces to achieve the lowest fuel consumption. The algorithm allows the heat demands to be continuously calculated and highlights any wastage that could be reduced without affecting the stable operation of the blast furnace.

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Mineral phases in iron ore sinters produced with oak sawdust substitute fuel

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Ore Assimilation and Secondary Phases by Sintering of Rich and High-Gangue Iron Ores

Ore Assimilation and Secondary Phases by Sintering of Rich and High-Gangue Iron Ores

Synthesis and Mechanical Testing of Calcium Aluminosilicoferrite Crystals with High Alumina Content

Support algorithm for blast furnace operation with optimal fuel consumption

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