Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) Upregulates the Expression of DMP1 in Direct Pulp Capping in the Rat Molar

Abstract

Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) is an alternative endodontic material that predicts conductive or inductive calcified tissue formation from immature pulp mesenchymal stem cells (IPMSCs). The purpose of this study was to investigate whether MTA could promote reparative odontoblast differentiation via IPMSCs in the early phase of regeneration and compare with calcium hydroxide (CH). Direct pulp capping using calcium hydroxide (CH), MTA, and MTA with platelet-rich plasma (MTA + PRP) was performed on maxillary first molars of 8-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 36). After 3, 7, or 14 days, the teeth were analyzed for mineral density (MD) and volume of MD (VMD) via micro-focusing computed tomography (µCT), nestin, dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein 1 (DMP1) immunohistochemistry, and real-time PCR for DMP1 mRNA expression. MTA stimulated the early phase differentiation of the IPMSCs into odontoblasts, with positive results for nestin and DMP1 compared with CH. Moreover, MTA + PRP stimulated calcified granule and dentin bridge formation through calcium mineral deposition, following the induction of DMP1 mRNA expression in IPMSCs. Our results suggested that the combination of MTA and PRP is an effective and clinically applicable method for activating endogenous dental pulp stem cells into odontoblasts in the early stages of pulp regeneration.

Evaluation of the biological effect of mineral trioxide aggregate in inflamed pulp—in vivo analysis

“…In addition, the healing process after direct pulp capping in rats is comparable to the healing process observed in humans. The formation of rat dentin bridge can be histologically displayed within four weeks after direct pulp capping, which is suitable for short-term evaluation [30,31]. In this investigation, the mandibular central incisor of seven-week-old SD rats were selected as the research specimen.…”

Reparative Calcified Barrier Characterization after Mixing Injectable-Platelet Rich Fibrin with Bioactive Direct Pulp Capping Agents; An Exp. Study.

“…In regards to morphology, there was a statistically signi cant difference between MTA, MTA + i-PRF, BBG and BBG + i-PRF, while there was no tubular newly formed bridge found. For MTA and BBG group, the high number of samples was amorphous with percent 86.67 and 75.0% respectively, the authors reported that the amorphous areas in calci ed bridge were characterized as precipitations of coarse calcium granulations, forming a super cial granular zone, which is associated with the initial synthesis and deposition of disorganised dentin matrix [15] , one of the characteristics of a bioactive material is its ability to form an apatite-like layer on its surface when it comes in contact with physiologic uids in vivo [19] or with simulated body uids Indeed, the inadequacy for true regeneration in mammals has been attributed partially to the absence of blastema formation at the site of injury (reprogramming of terminally differentiated stem cells) [20,21] and partially to the rapid bro-proliferative response that accompanies chronic in ammation and wound healing. [22] While mixed (tubular and amorphous) was high in MTA + i-PRF (85.71%) and BBG + i-PRF (100%), despite of the external layer is irregular and atubular, but the internal one exhibits the dentinal characteristics with irregular and randomly distributed tubules.…”

Evaluation of immunohistochemical activity of dentin-pulp organs of dog’s teeth after stimulation with laser, MTA, and theracal therapies

“…The antibody-localized antigen (ALA) was then detected by peroxidase activation of 3, 3′-diaminobenzidine for 10 min to give it brownish discoloration. (31) The area percentage (% area) was detected by a special microscope (Leica Q Win V3).…”