Mineralization of dentin induced by treatment with bioactive glass S53P4 in vitro

Abstract

Dentin hypersensitivity can be managed to occlude dentin tubules, but none of the agents used are components of natural dentin. Using a calcium phosphate precipitation (CPP) method, dentin tubules can be occluded with a calcium phosphate (CaP) layer similar to the major inorganic component of dentin. The CPP method utilizes acidic pH conditions, such as etching of dentin, over the course of several dental treatments. A gentler method can be used to produce a CaP layer on the surface of dentin. By treating with bioactive glass S53P4 (BAG), or regular commercial glass (CG), mineralization occurs in physiologically neutral solutions such as simulated body fluid (SBF) and remineralization solution (RMS). After a short period of immersion, silica is dissolved from both types of glass, but the amount of silica released is much greater from BAG than from CG. The dissolved silica is adsorbed on the surface of dentin during the pretreatment procedure and enhances the mineralization of dentin in SBF. After 14 days' mineralization the dentin is fully covered by the CaP layer, but after 14 days' immersion in RMS decalcification of the dentin occurs. Pretreatment with BAG decreases the degree of decalcification of dentin during the mineralization process. These findings suggest that bioactive glass S53P4 can be used as a therapeutic material for mineralization of dentin and its tubules in a physiological environment.

Detection of ions released from S-PRG fillers and their modulation effect

“…For bonelike apatite coating on materials with complex shapes, it was reported that an apatite layer was formed when sodium silicate was used as a catalyst for apatite nucleation -whereby particular silicate oligomers with structures such as dimer, linear trimer, and cyclic tetramer contributed most to apatite nucleation 29) . On its contribution to dentin mineralization, it was reported that Si promoted dentin mineralization by a mechanism based on the condensation of silicic acid to oligomers 30) . When a sufficient quantity of Si was adsorbed on dentin with anionic groups (SiO − ), it acted as a nucleation centre for subsequent, increased CaP formation 30) .…”

“…On its contribution to dentin mineralization, it was reported that Si promoted dentin mineralization by a mechanism based on the condensation of silicic acid to oligomers 30) . When a sufficient quantity of Si was adsorbed on dentin with anionic groups (SiO − ), it acted as a nucleation centre for subsequent, increased CaP formation 30) . In the present study, pH measurements indicated that S-PRG filler altered the pH values of both distilled water and lactic acid solution closer to neutral.…”

Understanding Nano-Anatomy of Healthy and Carious Human Teeth: a Prerequisite for Nanodentistry

“…Another route of caries treatment is related to stop the disease and trying to re-mineralize the dentin and enamel with the aim to re-establish the natural tooth or at least significant parts of it [65][66][67]. Here, nanotechnology might be of upmost importance as nanometer-size calcium phosphates tend to nucleate at the nanometer-size collagen fibrils [68,69].…”

Diagnosis and Treatment Planning of Dentinal Hypersensitivity

“…59 Temel bileşeni silika olup, kalsiyum ve fosfatın çökelmesi için çekir-dek görevi gören bioaktif camların SEM çalış-malarında dentin kanallarını tıkayan apatit bir tabaka olarak gözlendiği bildirilmiştir. 60 DH tedavisinde kullanılan bioaktif camlar Novamin (Novamin Technology Inc., FL, USA) olarak bilinen ürün şeklinde kullanıma girmiştir.…”