Mineralization of forest litter nutrients by heat and combustion

Gray, Dennis M.; Dighton, John

doi:10.1016/j.soilbio.2005.11.003

Cited by 92 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Raison (1979) reported in his pioneering review that ash generated in furnaces differs quantitatively from the one produced during a wildfire. Our results support the notion that conditions in a muffle furnace are not very comparable to those of a wildfire where the rate and duration of heating are subject to rapid and drastic changes due to air movement (Gray and Dighton, 2006;Hillado, 1977). The furnace seems to restrict oxygen supply, resulting in less complete combustion compared to a wildfire for a given temperature and thus higher TOC values.…”

Section: Comparison Of Laboratory-burned Ash and Field Collected Ashsupporting

confidence: 85%

The wettability of ash from burned vegetation and its relationship to Mediterranean plant species type, burn severity and total organic carbon content

et al. 2011

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Section: Comparison Of Laboratory-burned Ash and Field Collected Ashsupporting

confidence: 85%

The wettability of ash from burned vegetation and its relationship to Mediterranean plant species type, burn severity and total organic carbon content

et al. 2011

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“…In line with sediment quality data, comparison of severely burned and unburned soil shows increases in the concentration of TP of both <2 mm and <63 µm fractions of burned surface soil at all three sites (Table 4) with addition of nutrient-rich ash as discussed above (cf, Qian et al 2009;Rodríguez et al 2009;Gray and Dighton 2006). The difference between moderately burned and unburned plots is less clear reflecting heterogeneity in burn impacts.…”

Section: Hillslope Sediment and P Yieldssupporting

confidence: 70%

“…4b) showed significant differences across sites of contrasting burn severity (p=0.000) but in this case rainfall intensity had no significant effect on the data (p=0.594). Several studies have demonstrated concentration of P in ash with combustion of vegetation (e.g., Qian et al 2009;Gray and Dighton 2006) and the consequent impact on spatial patterns in nutrient availability (Rodríguez et al 2009). High concentrations of PP in eroded material from burned plots can be linked to inclusion of ash.…”

Section: Runoff Water and Sediment Qualitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most marked increases are seen in the moderately burned soil, i.e., from 3% to 16%, 3% to 18%, and 2% to 20% for sites 1 to 3, respectively, which is not necessarily to be expected given previous discussion of the role of P concentration in ash. This may reflect a reduction of P availability in the severely burned material with formation of insoluble phosphate-metal complexes at higher temperature (Gray and Dighton 2006). Applying these proportions to the total PP yields presented in Fig.…”

Section: Particulate-phosphorus Availability In Eroded Sedimentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Wildfire impacts on hillslope sediment and phosphorus yields

et al. 2010

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Purpose The impact of wildfire on (a) slope hydrological processes, (b) soil erodibility, and (c) post-fire hillslope sediment and phosphorus (P; dissolved and particulate) yields are quantified for natural forest areas of the burned Evrotas River basin, Peloponnese, Greece. Further, the geochemical partitioning of P in burned and unburned sediment is evaluated by sequential extraction to assess potential bioavailability of particulate P (PP) in downstream aquatic ecosystems. Materials and methods A series of field-based rainfall simulation and infiltration experiments were undertaken in burned and unburned terrain of contrasting vegetation and soil type, after severe wildfires in summer 2007. Resulting water and sediment samples were analyzed for P concentration to permit calculation of hillslope yields for 20, 40, and 60 mm h -1 rainfall events. Samples of soil were collected from each site type for physical and geochemical analyses.Results and discussion Plot-scale rainfall simulation experiments and measurements demonstrate enhanced runoff and erosion rates in burned terrain. While dissolved P concentrations in runoff from burned terrain are elevated (0.21± 0.09 mg l -1 ) against background levels (0.01±0.01 mg l -1 ) and exceed European water quality guidelines, PP represents 99% of the severely burned hillslope P yield (2.32± 1.63 kg ha -1 for a 15-min rainfall event). Sequential extraction data demonstrate that up to 20% of total PP in burned sediment is potentially bioavailable and that bioavaliable PP yields are two orders of magnitude greater than dissolved P yields. Conclusions Release of P from eroded sediment stored in downslope/downstream sink zones may protract the postfire risk to downstream resources. Quantification of PP partitioning in eroded sediment is a key requirement when assessing the downstream impacts of wildfire.

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“…Increased foliar N levels and enhanced maximum assimilation rates in the remaining pine needles were observed following relatively intense prescribed burns in the PNR, but not during low-intensity burns [25,64]. Increased N levels and photosynthetic rates following wildland fires are likely related to the transient pulse of inorganic N associated with consumption of forest floor material, in addition to pyro-mineralization and release of phosphorus and basic cations [65,66]. Enhanced photosynthetic rates in pine needles did not persist beyond the first growing season following each fire [25,64].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Decadal-Scale Reduction in Forest Net Ecosystem Production Following Insect Defoliation Contrasts with Short-Term Impacts of Prescribed Fires

Clark

Renninger

Skowronski

et al. 2018

Forests

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Understanding processes underlying forest carbon dynamics is essential for accurately predicting the outcomes of non-stand-replacing disturbance in intermediate-age forests. We quantified net ecosystem production (NEP), aboveground net primary production (ANPP), and the dynamics of major carbon (C) pools before and during the decade following invasive insect defoliation and prescribed fires in oak-and pine-dominated stands in the New Jersey Pinelands National Reserve, USA. Gross ecosystem production (GEP) recovered during the year following defoliation at the oak stand, but tree mortality increased standing dead and coarse woody debris, and ecosystem respiration (R e ) accounted for >97% of GEP. As a result, NEP averaged only 22% of pre-disturbance values during the decade following defoliation. At the pine stand, GEP also recovered to pre-disturbance values during the year following understory defoliation by gypsy moth and two prescribed fires, while R e was nearly unaffected. Overall, defoliation and tree mortality at the oak stand drove a decadal-scale reduction in NEP that was twofold greater in magnitude than C losses associated with prescribed fires at the pine stand. Our study documents the outcomes of different non-stand-replacing disturbances, and highlights the importance of detrital dynamics and increased R e in long-term measurements of forest C dynamics following disturbance in intermediate-age forests.

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Mineralization of forest litter nutrients by heat and combustion

Cited by 92 publications

References 27 publications

The wettability of ash from burned vegetation and its relationship to Mediterranean plant species type, burn severity and total organic carbon content

The wettability of ash from burned vegetation and its relationship to Mediterranean plant species type, burn severity and total organic carbon content

Wildfire impacts on hillslope sediment and phosphorus yields

Decadal-Scale Reduction in Forest Net Ecosystem Production Following Insect Defoliation Contrasts with Short-Term Impacts of Prescribed Fires

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