Mineralization of the Weilasituo rare metal-tin-polymetallic ore deposit in Inner Mongolia: Insights from fractional crystallization of granitic magmas

Wu, Guan; Liu, Ruilin; Chen, Gongzheng; Li, Tiegang; Li, Ruihua; Li, Yinglei; Yang, Fei; Zhang, Tong

doi:10.18654/1000-0569/2021.03.01

Cited by 26 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 89 publications

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“…As a result, Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic deposits related to Yanshanian granitic rocks on the western slope of the southern Section of GXAR are associated with the low angle or plate subduction of Paleo-Pacific plate (Mao et al, 2013). The 40 Ar-39 Ar dating of Muscovite in Bairendaba Ag-Pb-Zn deposit shows that the mineralization age is 135 ± 3 Ma and that of the Weilasituo Cu-Zn deposit is 133.4 ±0.8 Ma (Pan et al, 2009;Chang and Lai, 2010). The two known deposits as the same tectonicmagmatic products formed in different space because of the magmatic evolution (Mao et al, 2013;Mei et al, 2015;Zhou et al, 2019).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The copper and zinc mineralization in the western slope of the southern section of GXAR is mainly concentrated in 140-120 Ma, which is closely related to the subduction of the Paleo-Pacific plate (Mao et al, 2013). The age of the ore bodies is about 130 Ma (Pan et al, 2009;Chang and Lai, 2010), located in this tectonic environment, and intense magmatic activity provides metallogenic materials and heat sources (Pan et al, 2009). By analyzing the existing metallogenic geological characteristics, the known deposits show obvious magnetic anomaly and Cu-Zn related geochemical anomaly (Figure 8A; Figure 9A).…”

Section: Predictive Models Rf Xgboostmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From Paleozoic to Triassic, orogenic processes of GXAR such as collision orogenesis, uplift, denudation, planation were completed (Pan et al, 2009). Before Mesozoic, the southern section of GXAR was mainly controlled by the Paleo-Asian ocean tectonic domain (Ren et al, 1997;Hong et al, 2003;Wang et al, 2013;Zhang, 2017;Zhang Y F et al, 2021).…”

Section: Tectonic History and Cu-zn Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Frontiers in Earth Science frontiersin.org (Shao et al, 1998). At 140-120 Ma, magmatic emplacement and volcanic eruption provided the heat source and provenance for (Cu-Zn) mineralization (Pan et al, 2009). As a result, Cu-Pb-Zn-Ag polymetallic deposits related to Yanshanian granitic rocks on the western slope of the southern Section of GXAR are associated with the low angle or plate subduction of Paleo-Pacific plate (Mao et al, 2013).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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3D mineral exploration Cu-Zn targeting with multi-source geoscience datasets in the Weilasituo-bairendaba district, Inner Mongolia, China

Gao

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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The Weilasituo-bairendaba district is located at the eastern end of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, which is an important component of the Cu-Pb-Zn polymetallic metallogenic belt on the Western slope of the Greater Xing’an Range in Inner Mongolia, China. The known Cu-Zn deposits such as the Weilasituo Cu-Zn deposit and the Bairendaba Ag-Pb-Zn deposit are the same tectonic-magmatic product. The district’s structure framework consists of the NE-trending regional faults, while the secondary faults provide channels and space for mineralization. The ore-bearing rocks are either Baoyintu Group gneisses or quartz diorites. The typical Cu-Zn deposits exhibit obvious Cu, Pb, Zn geochemical anomaly as well as obvious magnetic anomaly. The district-scale two-dimensional (2D) mineral prospectivity modeling has been reported. Nowadays, three-dimensional (3D) mineral prospectivity modeling is necessary and urgent. Integrated deposit geology and accumulated exploration data, the above four exploration criteria (regional fault, secondary fault, geochemical anomaly and magnetic susceptibility) are used for 3D mineral prospectivity modeling. Filtering (upward continuation, low pass filtering, two-dimensional empirical mode decomposition), magnetic inversion and 3D modeling techniques were used to construct geological models. Excellent machine learning algorithms such as random forest (RF) and XGBoost are applied. The two machine learning methods confirm each other to improve the accuracy of 3D mineral prospectivity modeling. In this paper, repeated random sampling and Bayesian optimization are combined to construct and tune models. This joint method can avoid the contingency caused by random sampling of negative samples, and can also realize automatic optimization of hyperparameters. The optimal models (RF28 and XGBoost11) were selected among thirty repeated training models for mineral prospectivity modeling. The obtained areas under the ROC curves of RF28 and XGBoost11 were 0.987 and 0.986, respectively. The prediction-area (P-A) plot and C-A fractal were used to delineate targets and grade targets. The targets were divided into Ⅰ-level targets and Ⅱ-level targets. The I- and II-targets are not only highly consistent with the known Cu-Zn deposits, but also exhibit obvious ore-forming geological features. The 3D targets are beneficial for Cu-Zn exploration in the Weilasituo-bairendaba district.

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Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Predictive Models Rf Xgboostmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Tectonic History and Cu-zn Mineralizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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3D mineral exploration Cu-Zn targeting with multi-source geoscience datasets in the Weilasituo-bairendaba district, Inner Mongolia, China

Gao

Wang

et al. 2023

Front. Earth Sci.

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“…In recent years, with the continuous investment in critical mineral prospecting and the development of metallogenic theory, the results for rare metals such as Li-Rb-W-Sn in China are important [8][9][10][11][12]. Several rare metal deposits that show great potential for critical mineral prospecting have been discovered in the Great Xing'an Range (GXR) [13], such as the Weilasituo Lipolymetallic deposit [14,15] and Shihuiyao Ni-Ta-Rb deposit [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

40Ar/39Ar Dating and In Situ Trace Element Geochemistry of Quartz and Mica in the Weilasituo Deposit in Inner Mongolia, China: Implications for Li–Polymetallic Metallogenesis

Wang,

Gao

et al. 2024

Minerals

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The Weilasituo Li–polymetallic deposit, located on the western slope of the southern Great Xing’an Range in the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt, is hosted by quartz porphyry with crypto-explosive breccia-type Li mineralisation atop and vein-type Sn-Mo-W-Zn polymetallic mineralisation throughout the breccia pipe. This study introduces new data on multistage quartz and mica in situ trace elements; the study was conducted using laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and 40Ar/39Ar dating of zinnwaldite to delineate the metallogenic age and genesis of Li mineralisation. Zinnwaldite yields a plateau age of 132.45 ± 1.3 Ma (MSWD = 0.77), representing Early Cretaceous Li mineralisation. Throughout the magmatic–hydrothermal process, quartz trace elements showed Ge enrichment. Li, Al, and Ti contents decreased, with Al/Ti and Ge/Ti ratios increasing, indicating increased magmatic differentiation, slight acidification, and cooling. Mica’s rising Li, Rb, Cs, Mg, and Ti contents and Nb/Ta ratio, alongside its falling K/Rb ratio, indicate the magma’s ongoing crystallisation differentiation. Fractional crystallisation primarily enriched Li, Rb, and Cs in the late melt. Mica’s high Sc, V, and W contents indicate a high fO2 setting, with a slightly lower fO2 during zinnwaldite formation. Greisenisation observed Zn, Mg, and Fe influx from the host rock, broadening zinnwaldite distribution and forming minor Zn vein orebodies later. Late-stage fluorite precipitation highlights a rise in F levels, with fluid Sn and W levels tied to magma evolution and F content. In summary, the Weilasituo Li–polymetallic deposit was formed in an Early Cretaceous extensional environment and is closely related to a nearby highly differentiated Li-F granite. During magma differentiation, rare metal elements such as Li and Rb were enriched in residual melts. The decrease in temperature and the acidic environment led to the precipitation of Li-, Rb-, and W-bearing minerals, and the increased F content in the late stage led to Sn enrichment and mineralisation. Fluid metasomatism causes Zn, Mg, and Fe in the surrounding rock to enter the fluid, and Zn is enriched and mineralised in the later period.

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A New Type of Li Deposit: Hydrothermal Crypto-Explosive Breccia Pipe Type

Jiang

Zhu

et al. 2022

J. Earth Sci.

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Mineralization of the Weilasituo rare metal-tin-polymetallic ore deposit in Inner Mongolia: Insights from fractional crystallization of granitic magmas

Cited by 26 publications

References 89 publications

3D mineral exploration Cu-Zn targeting with multi-source geoscience datasets in the Weilasituo-bairendaba district, Inner Mongolia, China

3D mineral exploration Cu-Zn targeting with multi-source geoscience datasets in the Weilasituo-bairendaba district, Inner Mongolia, China

40Ar/39Ar Dating and In Situ Trace Element Geochemistry of Quartz and Mica in the Weilasituo Deposit in Inner Mongolia, China: Implications for Li–Polymetallic Metallogenesis

A New Type of Li Deposit: Hydrothermal Crypto-Explosive Breccia Pipe Type

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